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作者：Civelli, Andrea; Gaduh, Arya; Rothenberg, Alexander D.; Wang, Yao
作者单位：Syracuse University; University of Arkansas System; University of Arkansas Fayetteville; Syracuse University; University System of Ohio; Ohio State University
摘要：We use detailed data from Indonesian cities to study how variation in density within urban areas affects social capital. For identification, we instrument density with soil characteristics, and control for community averages of observed characteristics. Under plausible assumptions, these controls address sorting on observables and unobservables. We find that lower density increases trust in neighbours and community participation. We also find that lower density is associated with reduced inter...
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作者：Ferraro, Domenico; Ghazi, Soroush; Peretto, Pietro F.
作者单位：Arizona State University; Arizona State University-Tempe; University of Alabama System; University of Alabama Tuscaloosa; Duke University
摘要：How do changes in labour taxes affect innovation and aggregate productivity growth? To answer this question, we propose a quantitative, general equilibrium growth model featuring product and quality innovation with endogenous market structure, estimate its parameters and provide empirical validation for the propagation mechanism of labour tax changes. We find that a temporary cut in flat-rate labour taxes produces a growth acceleration in aggregate productivity, permanently increasing the path...
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作者：Zhou, Xiaoyu; Alysandratos, Theodore; Naef, Michael
作者单位：University of Erlangen Nuremberg; Ruprecht Karls University Heidelberg; Durham University
摘要：This paper provides novel evidence for links between historic farming practices and current norms of cooperative behaviour. We hypothesise that the cooperation required in wetland rice farming gives rise to strong cultural norms of cooperativeness. We compare participants from prefecture cities that predominately practice wetland rice cultivation to those from non-rice regions. A public goods game with and without punishment is the main measure for cooperative behaviour. Results indicate a str...
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作者：Forlani, Emanuele; Martin, Ralf; Mion, Giordano; Muuls, Mirabelle
作者单位：University of Pavia; Imperial College London; University of London; London School Economics & Political Science; Centre for Economic Policy Research - UK; ESSEC Business School; University of Nottingham; Leibniz Association; Ifo Institut
摘要：We develop a novel framework that simultaneously allows recovering heterogeneity in demand, quantity total factor productivity and markups across firms while leaving the correlation between the three dimensions unrestricted. We accomplish this by explicitly introducing demand heterogeneity and systematically exploiting assumptions used in previous productivity estimation approaches. In doing so, we provide an exact decomposition of revenue productivity in terms of the underlying heterogeneitie...
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作者：Aldashev, Gani; Jaimovich, Esteban; Verdier, Thierry
作者单位：University of Surrey; Universite Libre de Bruxelles; University of Surrey; Paris School of Economics; Institut Polytechnique de Paris; Ecole des Ponts ParisTech
摘要：We study the implications of transparency policies on decentralised public good provision by the non-profit sector. We present a model where imperfect monitoring of the use of funds interacts with the competitive structure of the non-profit sector under alternative informational regimes. Increasing transparency regarding the use of funds may have ambiguous effects on total public good provision and on donors' welfare. On the one hand, transparency encourages all non-profit firms to engage more...
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作者：Pollinger, Stefan
摘要：This paper studies the suppression of an infectious disease in the canonical susceptible-infectious-recovered model. It derives three results. First, if technically feasible, the optimal response to a sufficiently small outbreak is halting transmissions instead of building up immunity through infections. Second, the crucial trade-off is not between health and economic costs, but between the intensity and duration of control measures. A simple formula of observables characterises the optimum. T...
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作者：Wang, Ao; Wang, Shaoda; Ye, Xiaoyang
作者单位：National University of Singapore; University of Chicago; National Bureau of Economic Research; Brown University
摘要：We experimentally test how psychological motivations can impact the processing of purely objective information. We first document that, when the high-stakes College Entrance Exam is held in the month of Ramadan, Chinese Muslim students perform significantly worse. When asked about the impact of fasting, they severely underestimate the cost of taking the exam during Ramadan, even when presented with direct empirical evidence. In the experiment, we randomly offer students reading materials in wh...
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作者：Greaves, Ellen; Hussain, Iftikhar; Rabe, Birgitta; Rasul, Imran
作者单位：University of Bristol; University of London; London School Economics & Political Science; University of Sussex; University of Essex; University of London; University College London
摘要：We study the interaction between family and school inputs by identifying the causal impact of information about school quality on parental time investment into children. Inspection ratings provide news that shifts parental beliefs about school quality, and hence investment into children. We study this using household panel data from England, linked to administrative records on school inspection ratings. We find that parents receiving good news over school quality significantly decrease time in...
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作者：Hauge, Karen Evelyn; Kotsadam, Andreas; Riege, Anine
作者单位：Kingston University; University of Oslo
摘要：We investigate how culture affects gender differences in willingness to compete in a large pre-registered experiment using an epidemiological approach. Our sample of 1,943 Norwegians with parents born in 59 different countries shows a smaller gender gap in willingness to compete among individuals of more gender-equal ancestries. The difference is driven by women with parents from more gender-equal countries wanting to compete more and men with the same ancestry wanting to compete less. The res...
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作者：Khanna, Gaurav; Medina, Carlos; Nyshadham, Anant; Tamayo, Jorge; Torres, Nicolas
作者单位：University of California System; University of California San Diego; Banco de la Republica Colombia; University of Michigan System; University of Michigan; National Bureau of Economic Research; Harvard University
摘要：Safety net programs, common in settings with high informality like Latin America, often use a means test to establish eligibility. We ask: in settings in which organised crime provides lucrative opportunities in the informal market, will discouraging formal employment via benefits eligibility criteria increase criminal enterprise activity? We link administrative socioeconomic microdata with the universe of arrests in Medellin over a decade, and exploit exogenous variation in formal-sector empl...
