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作者：Chopra, Felix; Haaland, Ingar; Roth, Christopher; Stegmann, Andreas
作者单位：University of Cologne; Centre for Economic Policy Research - UK; University of Copenhagen; Norwegian School of Economics (NHH); University of Cologne; Max Planck Society; University of Warwick
摘要：We examine how the evaluation of research studies in economics depends on whether a study yielded a null result. Studies with null results are perceived to be less publishable, of lower quality, less important and less precisely estimated than studies with large and statistically significant results, even when holding constant all other study features, including the sample size and the precision of the estimates. The null result penalty is of similar magnitude among PhD students and journal ed...
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作者：Koster, Hans R. A.
作者单位：Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam; Tinbergen Institute; Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam
摘要：I measure the economic effects of greenbelts that prohibit new construction beyond a predefined urban fringe and therefore act as urban growth boundaries. I focus on England, where $13\%$ of the land is designated as greenbelt land. I provide reduced-form evidence and estimate a quantitative equilibrium model that includes amenities, housing supply, a traffic congestion externality, agglomeration forces, productivity and household location choices. Greenbelt policy generates positive amenity e...
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作者：Carta, Francesca; De Philippis, Marta
作者单位：European Central Bank; Bank of Italy
摘要：This paper analyses the effects of increasing the statutory retirement age for claiming full pension benefits on the labour force participation of middle-aged individuals and their partners. Identification relies on a difference-in-differences setting that exploits the heterogeneous increase in age eligibility for retirement caused by an unexpected pension reform. We detect a rise in the participation rate of middle-aged women that spills over into the labour supply of their husbands, who choo...
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作者：Powell-Jackson, Timothy; King, Jessica J. C.; Makungu, Christina; Quaife, Matthew; Goodman, Catherine
作者单位：University of London; London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine; Ifakara Health Institute
摘要：We measure the adoption of management practices in over 220 private for-profit and non-profit health facilities in 64 districts across Tanzania and link these data to process quality-of-care metrics, assessed using undercover standardised patients and clinical observations. We find that better managed health facilities are more likely to provide correct treatment in accordance with national treatment guidelines, adhere to a checklist of essential questions and examinations, and comply with inf...
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作者：Diaz, Antonia; Jerez, Belen; Rincon-Zapatero, Juan Pablo
作者单位：Universidad Carlos III de Madrid
摘要：Wealthier, risk-averse buyers pay more to speed up transactions in competitive search markets. This result is established in a dynamic housing model where households save to smooth consumption and build a down payment. 'Block recursivity' is ensured by the existence of risk-neutral housing intermediaries. In the long run, the calibrated benchmark features higher indebtedness and house prices than a Walrasian model, especially when housing supply elasticity is low. The long-run price effects of...
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作者：Chirakijja, Janjala; Jayachandran, Seema; Ong, Pinchuan
作者单位：Monash University; Princeton University; National Bureau of Economic Research; National University of Singapore
摘要：This paper examines how the price of home heating affects mortality in the United States. Exposure to cold is one reason that mortality peaks in winter, and a higher heating price increases exposure to cold by reducing heating use. Our empirical approach combines spatial variation in the energy source used for home heating and temporal variation in the national prices of natural gas and electricity. We find that a lower heating price reduces winter mortality, driven mostly by cardiovascular an...
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作者：Arthi, Vellore; Lampe, Markus; Nair, Ashwin; O'Rourke, Kevin Hjortshoj
作者单位：University of California System; University of California Irvine; Vienna University of Economics & Business
摘要：What is the role of trade policy in promoting intra-Empire trade? We address the question in the context of interwar India, whose trade policies have been accused of harming British export interests. We quantify the impact of trade policy on the value and composition of Indian imports, using novel disaggregated data on both trade policies and imports for 114 commodity categories coming from 42 countries. We find that, even though Indian protection lowered total imports, it substantially booste...
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作者：Haaland, Venke Furre; Rege, Mari; Solheim, Oddny Judith
作者单位：Universitetet i Stavanger; Universitetet i Stavanger
摘要：We present a field experiment investigating treatment effects of an additional teacher in the classroom on student learning. The treatment targets literacy instruction during first and second grades. Nearly 6,000 students in 300 classrooms participated in the experiment. The treatment has on average no effects on student learning. However, boys seem to benefit, with treatment impacts of about 0.12 and 0.09 standard deviations on the national literacy assessment and the reading self-concept, re...
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作者：Bindler, Anna; Hjalmarsson, Randi; Ketel, Nadine; Mitrut, Andreea
作者单位：University of Cologne; University of Gothenburg; Centre for Economic Policy Research - UK; Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam; IZA Institute Labor Economics; Tinbergen Institute; Stockholm School of Economics
摘要：Dutch victimisation rates increase by 9%-15% immediately upon reaching ages 16 and 18. We disentangle the role of the many rights granted at these ages using offence location data, cross-cohort variation in the minimum legal drinking age driven by a 2014 reform and survey data of alcohol/drug consumption and mobility behaviours. We conclude that access to weak alcohol, bars/clubs and smoking increases victimisation at 16 and that age-18 rights (hard alcohol, marijuana coffee shops) exacerbate ...
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作者：Akbulut-Yuksel, Mevlude; Okoye, Dozie; Turan, Belgi
作者单位：Dalhousie University; IZA Institute Labor Economics; TOBB Ekonomi ve Teknoloji University
摘要：This paper provides causal evidence on how political parties can sway voters at scale in nascent electoral democracies. We collect novel data on expressway construction by the Justice and Development Party in Turkey and use province-by-year variation in construction to show that votes for the Justice and Development Party increased in response to the expressways. The estimates imply that the expressways increased the Justice and Development Party's vote share by 4.8 percentage points-a third o...
