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作者：Berman, Nicolas; Couttenier, Mathieu; Girard, Victoire
作者单位：Universidade Nova de Lisboa; Aix-Marseille Universite; Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS); Ecole Normale Superieure de Lyon (ENS de LYON); Universite de Orleans
摘要：This paper shows how ethnic identities may become more salient due to natural resources extraction. We combine individual data on the strength of ethnic-relative to national-identities with geo-localised information on the contours of ethnic homelands, and on the timing and location of mineral resources exploitation in 25 African countries, from 2005 to 2015. Our strategy takes advantage of several dimensions of exposure to resources exploitation: time, spatial proximity and ethnic proximity. ...
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作者：Peralta-Alva, Adrian; Tam, Xuan S.; Tang, Xin; Tavares, Marina M.
作者单位：International Monetary Fund; City University of Hong Kong; Wuhan University
摘要：We quantitatively investigate the welfare costs of increasing tax revenues in low-income countries. We consider three tax instruments: consumption, labour income and capital income taxes. The analysis is based on a general equilibrium model featuring heterogeneous agents, incomplete financial markets, and rural and urban areas. We calibrate the model to Ethiopia and decompose the welfare costs into their aggregate and distributional components. We find that changing taxes alter the composition...
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作者：Hager, Anselm; Hensel, Lukas; Hermle, Johannes; Roth, Christopher
作者单位：Humboldt University of Berlin; Peking University; University of California System; University of California Berkeley; IZA Institute Labor Economics; University of Cologne
摘要：How does a citizen's decision to participate in political activism depend on the participation of others? We conduct a nationwide natural field experiment in collaboration with a major European party during a recent national election. In a party survey, we randomly provide canvassers with true information about the canvassing intentions of their peers. When learning that more peers participate in canvassing than previously believed, canvassers significantly reduce both their canvassing intenti...
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作者：Balduzzi, Pierluigi; Brancati, Emanuele; Brianti, Marco; Schiantarelli, Fabio
作者单位：Boston College; Boston College; Sapienza University Rome; IZA Institute Labor Economics; University of Alberta
摘要：We study the financial and real effects of political risk shocks for Italy, Spain, Ireland, Portugal and Greece between 2008 and 2019. We build an instrument for these shocks using the changes of the sovereign yield spread around political and policy dates, and estimate their effects in the context of local projection. We show that adverse political risk shocks have negative effects on domestic financial markets and in some countries generate spillovers on the spreads of other eurozone economi...
