-
作者：Bai, Chong-En; Jia, Ruixue; Li, Hongbin; Wang, Xin
作者单位：University of California System; University of California San Diego; Tsinghua University; University of California System; University of California San Diego; Stanford University; Chinese University of Hong Kong
摘要：This paper examines the correlation between cognitive ability and firm creation. Drawing on administrative college admission data and firm registration records in China, we investigate who had created firms by their mid-thirties. We find a clear pattern of entrepreneurial reluctance: given the same backgrounds, individuals with higher college entrance exam scores are less likely to create firms. Through an exploration of firm performance, alternative career trajectories and variations across r...
-
作者：Boucher, Stephen R.; Carter, Michael R.; Flatnes, Jon Einar; Lybbert, Travis J.; Malacarne, Jonathan G.; Marenya, Paswel P.; Paul, Laura A.
-
作者：Calamunci, Francesca; Lonsky, Jakub
作者单位：Sapienza University Rome; University of Edinburgh; IZA Institute Labor Economics
摘要：The necessity to overhaul national infrastructure has become one of the key issues of US domestic policy in recent years. While the benefits of infrastructure spending are often straightforward, its unintended consequences are less well understood. This paper studies the impact of transportation infrastructure on local crime, focusing on the construction of the Interstate Highway System, the largest public works project in US history. Using a staggered difference-in-differences design and a co...
-
作者：Dong, Lu; Huang, Lingbo; Lien, Jaimie W.
作者单位：Southern University of Science & Technology; Shandong University
摘要：A meritocratic fairness ideal typically asserts that income inequality is justifiable if it arises from differences in performance rather than mere luck. In this study, we present experimental evidence that reveals how merit judgements are influenced by the sources of performance differentials, while holding fixed the underlying impact on incentives to perform. Drawing inspiration from real-world factors that create inequality, we investigate unequal opportunities in education and employment t...
-
作者：Abeler, Johannes; Falk, Armin; Kosse, Fabian
作者单位：University of Oxford; University of Bonn; University of Wurzburg
摘要：Reporting private information is a key part of economic decision-making. A recent literature has found that many people have a preference for honest reporting, contrary to usual economic assumptions. In this paper, we investigate whether preferences for honesty are malleable and what determines them. We experimentally measure preferences for honesty in a sample of children. As our main result, we provide causal evidence on the effect of the social environment by randomly enrolling children in ...
-
作者：Bhalotra, Sonia; Delavande, Adeline; Font-Gilabert, Paulino; Maselko, Joanna
作者单位：University of Technology Sydney; University of Warwick; University of Technology Sydney; Universidade Nova de Lisboa; University of London; King's College London; University of North Carolina; University of North Carolina Chapel Hill
摘要：We investigate the importance of subjective expectations of returns to and effort costs of the two principal investments that mothers make in newborns: breastfeeding and stimulation. We find heterogeneity across mothers in rural Pakistan in expected effort costs and expected returns for outcomes in the cognitive, socio-emotional and health domains, and that this contributes to explaining heterogeneity in investments. We find no significant differences across women in preferences for child deve...
-
作者：Geys, Benny; Sorensen, Rune J.
作者单位：BI Norwegian Business School
摘要：This paper studies the impact of unearned, transitory income shocks on charitable giving using Norwegian administrative data. We exploit the random timing and size of lottery wins and our long time period (1993-2021) to estimate both short- and longer-term impacts. We find no meaningful effect of small windfalls. Yet, windfalls exceeding $10,000 induce a long-lasting increase in the likelihood to donate, the absolute level of donations and the share of annual income donated (conditional on don...
-
作者：Miao, Dingquan; Selin, Hakan; Soderstrom, Martin
作者单位：South China Normal University; Linnaeus University
摘要：We exploit a recent Swedish tax reform, implying higher marginal tax rates for the top 5% of the earnings distribution, to learn about earnings responses to higher taxes. Using a simple and graphical cross-sectional method, we estimate an earnings elasticity of 0.16, evaluated four years after the reform. Our analysis indicates that the response is driven by adjustments in wage rates, and not by changes to hours, job switches or income shifting. We interpret the magnitude and preciseness of th...
-
作者：Cappelen, Alexander W.; Falch, Ranveig; Huang, Zhongjing; Tungodden, Bertil
作者单位：Norwegian School of Economics (NHH); University of Bergen; East China Normal University; Norwegian School of Economics (NHH)
摘要：In a novel large-scale experiment, we study how adults in two societies, Shanghai (China) and Norway, make real distributive decisions involving children. We find that acceptance of inequality between children increases with the ages of the children, is affected by the source of inequality and the cost of redistribution, and is lower than acceptance of inequality between adults. We document a large cross-societal difference in inequality acceptance: adults in Shanghai implement twice as much i...
-
作者：Meier, Mario; Obermeier, Tim
作者单位：Deutsche Bundesbank; University of Leicester; University of London; London School Economics & Political Science
摘要：Field experiments show that employers are less likely to consider long-term unemployed job seekers for interviews. We study the implications for optimal unemployment insurance. Based on a structural model of job search and recruitment, estimated with German data, we analyse the optimal two-tier unemployment system. We find that screening makes the optimal initial benefit level 4 percentage points higher and the potential benefit duration seven months longer. Using an extended Baily-Chetty form...
