-
作者：AKIN, J; GUILKEY, D; POPKIN, B; FLIEGER, W; BRISCOE, J; BLACK, RE; ADAIR, LS
作者单位：University of North Carolina; University of North Carolina Chapel Hill; University of San Carlos; The World Bank; Johns Hopkins University
摘要：This research analyzes longitudinal data from the Philippines based on a sample of over 3,000 mother-infant pairs covering a period from the mother's pregnancy until the age two. The econometric methods alleviate problems, including unobserved heterogeneity and endogeneity of important explanatory factors, and exploit the longitudinal nature of the data set. The results indicate that a group of individual, household, and community factors importantly affect the outputs of the child health prod...
-
作者：TRIVEDI, PK
作者单位：The World Bank
摘要：This paper is a case study of the investment (planting) decisions in the Bahia cocoa sector in the period 1966-1985, with a special focus on the role of producer prices and investment subsidies. The study deals separately with replanting decisions and new planting decisions using aggregate time series data and exploits several concepts of vintage production models. The results of the analysis show that the dynamic response of replanting and new planting to changes in profitability and to inter...
-
作者：THOMAS, D; STRAUSS, J
作者单位：Yale University; RAND Corporation
摘要：The relation between parental characteristics, community characteristics and child height is examined using Brazilian household survey data, matched with information collected at the municipio level. Child height is significantly affected by local infrastructure, particularly the availability of modem sewerage, piped water and electricity. Higher sugar and dairy prices are associated with lower child height, although mothers with at least elementary schooling are able to counteract the deleter...
-
作者：CHAO, CC; YU, ESH
作者单位：Chinese University of Hong Kong; Louisiana State University System; Louisiana State University; Oregon State University
摘要：This paper shows that the remarkable result by Khan and Naqvi that a reduction in the capital rental differential always improves welfare despite the presence of a rigid urban wage can be obtained only for the 2 x 2 Harris Todaro model. In an extended Harris-Todaro framework incorporating a third specific factor, a decrease in a distortion may not necessarily be welfare improving.
-
作者：LYONS, RK
作者单位：National Bureau of Economic Research
摘要：Three potentially complementary models are tested in an effort to capture the fundamentals that underlaid the market's determination of Peru's floating exchange rate through the period 1950-1954: the first is an expectational purchasing power parity (PPP) model which maintains that asset market forces were driving the exchange rate to its perceived PPP level; the second is a flexible-price monetary model; and the third is a model along the lines described by Tsiang (1957) which emphasizes worl...
-
作者：CUDDINGTON, JT
摘要：This paper uses time series techniques to re-examine the Prebisch-Singer hypothesis that there has been a secular deterioration in primary commodity prices in terms of manufactured goods. Instead of using price indices, it considers 26 individual commodity prices over the period 1900-1983. This avoids possible aggregation and interpretation problems associated with the use of aggregate indices. The study finds that 16 of the 26 prices are trendless. Five have statistically significant negative...
-
作者：DEGREGORIO, J
摘要：This paper studies growth determinants in 12 Latin American countries during the period 1950-1985. In a growth accounting framework, the share of labor in income is found to be lower in the sample group than in developed countries, while factor productivity growth accounts for a larger proportion of growth in the fastest growing countries. Using panel data, macroeconomic stability is found to play, in addition to investment (physical and human), a crucial role in growth. To a lesser extent, gr...
-
作者：GLEWWE, P
摘要：This paper examines the problem of how to transfer money or other forms of assistance to poor households when one observes some characteristics of households, but not their incomes. This and related issues are often referred to as the targeting problem. The paper first sets out the problem formally as one of minimizing a poverty index given a fixed amount of money available for transfers. Assuming that household survey data are available which include accurate income and/or expenditure informa...
-
作者：BOUIS, HE; HADDAD, LJ
摘要：The wide range of calorie-income elasticities in the literature results, in large part, from the particular calorie and income variables used for estimation. Elasticities across four estimation techniques and four calorie-income variable pairs for a sample of Philippine farm households, ranged from 0.03 to 0.59. Estimates associated with calorie availability are biased upwards, first, because random errors in measuring food purchases are transmitted (by construction) both to calorie availabili...
-
作者：CRAIGWELL, RC; ROCK, LL
作者单位：University of Toronto
摘要：This paper tests for the influence of income, demography, terms of trade, export orientation and real interest rates on savings behaviour in Trinidad and Tobago within an error correction formulation. It Finds evidence in favour of the error-correction mechanism, under which the savings rate varies procyclically in the short run but remains constant in the steady state. In addition, long-run and short-run significant effects ate found for income, real interest rates and export orientation. Dem...
