-
作者：Kondo, H
作者单位：Shinshu University
摘要：This paper presents a model which integrates an economic geography model with an endogenous growth model and examines how the specialization pattern and global economic growth rate are determined in an economy with decreasing transaction costs. If transaction costs decrease slowly and the agglomeration process has not yet been completed, economic activities tend to agglomerate in the region with large land mass and a high growth rate will be attained. On the other hand, a sharp decrease in tra...
-
作者：Bergoeing, R; Repetto, A; Edwards, S
作者单位：Universidad de Chile; University of California System; University of California Los Angeles; National Bureau of Economic Research
-
作者：Clark, XM; Dollar, D; Micco, A
作者单位：The World Bank
摘要：Recent literature has emphasized the importance of transport costs and infrastructure in explaining trade, access to markets, and increases in per capita income. For most Latin American countries, transport costs are a greater barrier to U.S. markets than import tariffs. We investigate the determinants of shipping costs to the United States with a large database of more than 300,000 observations per year on shipments of products aggregated at six-digit Harmonized System (HS) level from differe...
-
作者：Castellanosa, SG; García-Verdú, R; Kaplan, DS
作者单位：Instituto Tecnologico Autonomo de Mexico; Instituto Tecnologico Autonomo de Mexico
摘要：This paper analyzes the existence and extent of downward nominal wage rigidities in the Mexican labor market using data from the administrative records of the Mexican Social Security Institute (IMSS). This establishment-level, panel dataset allows us to track workers employed with the same firm, observe their wage profiles and calculate the nominal-wage changes they experience over time. Based on the estimated density functions of nominal wage changes, we are able to calculate some standard te...
-
作者：Kochar, A
作者单位：Stanford University
摘要：Many believe that low levels of schooling in rural areas of developing economics are a consequence of the low rate of return to schooling in agriculture, This belies the possibility that rural schooling decisions are undertaken in response to the possibility of employment in urban areas. This paper tests this hypothesis, using three cross sections of household data for rural India. It finds that urban rates of return do influence rural schooling, particularly amongst households who are most li...
-
作者：Blankenau, WF; Simpson, NB
作者单位：Colgate University; Kansas State University
摘要：Empirical evidence is mixed concerning the effects of public education expenditures on economic growth. We explore this expenditure-growth relationship in the context of an endogenous growth model in which private and public investment are inputs to human capital accumulation. The positive direct effect of public education spending on growth can be diminished or even negated when other determinants of growth are negatively affected by general equilibrium adjustments. We show that the response ...
-
作者：Li, HB; Rozelle, S
作者单位：Chinese University of Hong Kong; University of California System; University of California Davis
摘要：This paper studies insider privatization in rural China and provides an explanation of why some firms have performed well after privatization but others have not. We show theoretically that the underperformance of insider-privatized firms could be due to the manager-cum-owner's lack of incentives after privatization. A screening theory predicts that the buyout price is correlated with the postprivatization incentives, and a firm's postprivatization performance increases with both the buyout pr...
-
作者：Rigolini, J
作者单位：New York University
摘要：We analyze the worker's incentives to acquire skills under technological progress when the costs of education are endogenous and depend on the wage distribution. We show that the agent, S intergenerational elasticity of substitution plays then a relevant role in determining how incentives and the long-run wage distribution react to technological progress. Moreover, whenever poverty traps of unskilled workers exist, higher rates of technological progress can even decrease the incentives of low-...
-
作者：Majumdar, S; Mani, A; Mukand, SW
作者单位：Queens University - Canada; Williams College; Tufts University
摘要：Governments in many LDCs skew public resources towards urban sectors, despite a majority of citizens residing in rural areas. This paper develops a novel political argument for this urban-bias phenomenon in a framework where all voters, rural and urban, have equal voice, but differ in their access to information. We argue that this difference is sufficient to give governments an incentive to inefficiently over-allocate resources towards urban areas. The bias is shown to worsen during adverse e...
-
作者：Rosenzweig, M; Kochar, A
作者单位：Harvard University; Stanford University
