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作者：Huang, JK; Hu, RF; van Meijl, H; van Tongeren, F
作者单位：Chinese Academy of Sciences; Chinese Academy of Sciences; Institute of Geographic Sciences & Natural Resources Research, CAS
摘要：Genetically modified (GM) cotton is widely adopted and the list of GM technologies in trials is impressive in China. At the same time there is an active debate on when China should commercialize its GM food crops. This paper provides an economy-wide assessment of some of the issues surrounding the adoption and commercialization of biotechnology. Based on unique data from empirical micro-level study and field trials in China and a modified GTAP model, our results indicate that the development o...
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作者：Spilimbergo, A; Ubeda, L
作者单位：International Monetary Fund; Universidad Carlos III de Madrid
摘要：We develop a model of double matching in the labor market and the social environment in order to explain different migration patterns in response to local economic shocks. This approach explains the different behaviors of workers in different groups, regions, or countries in an endogenous way by showing the existence of multiple equilibria, rather than in an exogenous manner by introducing ex ante regulations or unemployment benefits. This model can also explain why individuals from some commu...
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作者：Yang, DT
作者单位：Virginia Polytechnic Institute & State University
摘要：This paper studies the contribution of schooling to rural income in China during factor market liberalization between 1986 and 1995. The relaxation of controls permitted farm households to reallocate productive inputs from agriculture to nonagricultural activities. It is hypothesized that education facilitates this adjustment. Panel data from Sichuan province suggest that schooling enhanced the ability of farmers to devote labor and capital to nonfarm production given the evidence that less-th...
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作者：Mukherji, N
作者单位：Oakland University
摘要：This paper is an extension of Marcouiller and Young's [Am. Econ. Rev. 85 (1995) 630] paper which shows that in a two-good economy with constant labor supply, the government can always increase graft by squeezing the formal sector out of existence. In this paper, we find that if individuals choose the amount of labor they supply, the government can increase graft by eliminating formal production in relatively rare cases. (C) 2003 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
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作者：Bergoeing, R; Loayza, N; Repetto, A
作者单位：Universidad de Chile; The World Bank
摘要：Economies respond differently to aggregate shocks that reduce output. While some countries rapidly recover their pre-crisis trend, others stagnate. Recent studies provide empirical support for a link between aggregate growth and plant dynamics through its effect on productivity: the entry and exit of firms and the reallocation of resources from less to more efficient firms explain a relevant part of transitional productivity dynamics. In this paper, we use a stochastic general equilibrium mode...
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作者：Estache, A; Laffont, JJ; Zhang, XZ
作者单位：Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS); Universite de Toulouse; Universite Toulouse 1 Capitole; Universite de Toulouse; Universite Toulouse 1 Capitole; Chinese Academy of Social Sciences; University of Southern California
摘要：In this paper we develop a model with adverse selection on the productive efficiency of workers in the private sector to analyze the downsizing problem in a public enterprise. Workers are distinguished by an inside productivity factor. Our result shows that reallocation of labor in the optimal downsizing mechanism depends on the comparative advantage of workers in public versus private production and on the size of asymmetric information. In particular, if information asymmetry is small, rando...
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作者：Dodzin, S; Vamvakidis, A
作者单位：International Monetary Fund
摘要：This paper examines the impact of international trade on the allocation of production across sectors in developing countries. Estimates from a panel of 92 developing countries in the period 1960-2000 suggests that an increase in openness to trade leads to an increase in the industrial value added share of production, at the expense of the agricultural share. Therefore, trade leads the developing countries to industrialization, in contrast to what the infant industry argument would imply. (c) 2...
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作者：Giné, X; Townsend, RM
作者单位：University of Chicago
摘要：The objective of this paper is to assess both the aggregate growth effects and the distributional consequences of financial liberalization as observed in Thailand from 1976 to 1996. A general equilibrium occupational choice model with two sectors, one without intermediation and the other with borrowing and lending is taken to Thai data. Key parameters of the production technology and the distribution of entrepreneurial talent are estimated by maximizing the likelihood of transition into busine...
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作者：Fleisher, BM; Wang, XJ
作者单位：University System of Ohio; Ohio State University; University of Hawaii System
摘要：A body of existing research attributes evident underpayment of workers and low private returns to schooling in China through the mid-1990s to the persistence of labor-market monopsony. We find that rural enterprises overpay production workers relative to a monopsony profit-maximizing benchmark, while there is extreme underpayment of skilled workers relative to the monopsony profit-maximizing amount. This relatively large exploitation of skilled workers explains, in a proximate sense, low priva...
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作者：Christopoulos, DK; Tsionas, EG
作者单位：Athens University of Economics & Business
摘要：in this paper we investigate the long run relationship between financial depth and economic growth, trying to utilize the data in the most efficient manner via panel unit root tests and panel cointegration analysis. In addition, we use threshold cointegration tests, and dynamic panel data estimation for a panel-based vector error correction model. The long run relationship is estimated using fully modified OLS. For 10 developing countries, the empirical results provide clear support for the hy...
