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作者：Godlonton, Susan; Thornton, Rebecca
作者单位：University of Michigan System; University of Michigan
摘要：How do neighbors positively or negatively influence individuals living in rural Malawi to learn their HIV results? Using data of location of homes and distance to neighbors, we measure the social network effects of neighbors' learning their HIV results on individuals own learning. Using the fact that neighbors were randomly offered monetary incentives of varying amounts to learn their HIV results, we find positive effects of neighbors attending clinics on others living nearby: a 10 percentage ...
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作者：Peretto, Pietro F.
作者单位：Duke University
摘要：This paper takes a new look at the long-run implications of resource abundance. It develops a Schumpeterian model of endogenous growth that incorporates an upstream resource-intensive sector and yields an analytical solution for the transition path. It then derives conditions under which, as the economy's endowment of a natural resource rises, (i) growth accelerates and welfare rises, (ii) growth decelerates but welfare rises nevertheless, and (iii) growth decelerates and welfare falls. Which ...
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作者：Thi Minh-Phuong Ngo; Wahhaj, Zaki
作者单位：University of Oxford
摘要：In this paper, we develop a theoretical model of household production, bargaining and credit to analyse how access to microcredit affects intra-household decision-making and welfare, and identify conditions under which female household members are most likely to benefit. We show that, consistent with ethnographic accounts of the impact of microcredit programmes on poor households, access to loans can lead to a variety of outcomes for intra-household decision-making and welfare depending on ini...
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作者：Datta, Saugato
摘要：India's Golden Quadrilateral Program, a major highway project, aimed at improving the quality and width of existing highways connecting the four largest cities in India. It affected the quality of highways available to firms in cities that lay along the routes of the four upgraded highways, while leaving the quality of highways available to firms in other cities unaffected. This feature of the project allows for a difference-in-difference estimation strategy, where status on and off the improv...
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作者：Gertler, Paul J.; Patrinos, Harry Anthony; Rubio-Codina, Marta
作者单位：The World Bank; University of California System; University of California Berkeley; University of London; London School Economics & Political Science
摘要：We examine a very inexpensive program in Mexico that involves parents directly in the management of schools located in disadvantaged rural communities. The program, known as AGE, finances parent associations and motivates parental participation by involving them in the management of primary school grants. We find that AGE reduced grade failure by 7.4% and grade repetition by 5.5% in grades 1 through 3. However, while AGE was effective in poor communities, it had no effect in extremely poor com...
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作者：Deininger, Klaus; Carletto, Calogero; Savastano, Sara; Muwonge, James
作者单位：The World Bank; University of Rome Tor Vergata
摘要：Although good and timely information on agricultural production is critical for policy-decisions, the quality of underlying data is often low and improving data quality could have high payoff. We use data from a production diary, administered concurrently with a standard household survey in Uganda to analyze the nature and incidence of responses, the magnitude of differences in reported outcomes, and factors that systematically affect these. Despite limited central supervision, diaries elicite...
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作者：Gorgens, Tue; Meng, Xin; Vaithianathan, Rhema
作者单位：Australian National University; University of Auckland
摘要：Many developing countries experience famine. If survival is related to height, the increasingly common practice of using height as a measure of well-being may be misleading. We devise a novel method for disentangling the stunting from the selection effects of famine. Using data from the 1959-1961 Great Chinese Famine, we find that taller children were more likely to survive the famine. Controlling for selection, we estimate that children under the age of five who survived the famine grew up to...
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作者：Guenther, Isabel; Launov, Andrey
作者单位：Swiss Federal Institutes of Technology Domain; ETH Zurich; Johannes Gutenberg University of Mainz; Universite Catholique Louvain
摘要：There is an ongoing debate among researchers and policy makers, whether informal sector employment is a result of competitive market forces or labor market segmentation. More recently it has been argued that none of the two theories sufficiently explains informal employment, but that the informal sector shows a heterogenous structure. For some workers the informal sector is an attractive employment opportunity, whereas for others - rationed out of the formal sector - the informal sector is a s...
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作者：Sharp, Paul; Strulik, Holger; Weisdorf, Jacob
作者单位：University of Copenhagen; Leibniz University Hannover
摘要：This study constructs a simple, two-sector Malthusian model with agriculture and industry, and uses it to identify the determinants of income in a Malthusian equilibrium. We make standard assumptions about preferences and technologies, but in contrast to existing studies we assume that children and other consumption goods are gross substitutes. Consistent with the conventional Malthusian model, the present theory shows that productivity growth in agriculture has no effect on equilibrium income...
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作者：Hoyland, Bjorn; Moene, Karl; Willumsen, Fredrik
作者单位：University of Oslo; Peace Research Institute Oslo (PRIO); Peace Research Institute Oslo (PRIO)
摘要：International index rankings are popular, but perhaps too persuasive. They emphasize country differences where similarity is the dominant feature. Rankings based on Doing Business, the Human Development Index and Freedom House can be misleading, not because of wrong indicators, but because the estimation of the scores ignores inherent uncertainty. Re-estimated with a method that captures this uncertainty, it becomes clear that ranking every adjacent country is a rather courageous activity. (C)...
