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作者：University of London; London School Economics & Political Science
摘要：We examine the income of older men in London around 1930, based on a large sample. The income of nonworking older men was substantially below that of men still working. We find no evidence that retirement rates increased at the state-pensionable age-unsurprisingly, since pension payments provided less than a poverty-line income. Less demanding or part-time work was unavailable. Hence we conclude that the decision of older manual workers to leave the labor market was determined primarily by the...
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作者：University of Colorado System; University of Colorado Boulder
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作者：Gerard, D
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作者：University of New Mexico
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作者：University of British Columbia
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作者：University of Houston System; University of Houston
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作者：University of Toronto
摘要：Governments frequently establish institutions to govern the transition in property rights when they acquire territory or experience radical changes in political regimes. By examining a specific example-the United States' acquisition of California from Mexico in 1848, this article investigates general questions about these institutions and institutional choice. The article finds that the specific institution that Congress chose for California best balanced the interests of the federal governmen...
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作者：University of London
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作者：University of Richmond
摘要：In late-twentieth-century America, both the National Weather Service and private weather organizations provide weather services. Although commercially successful, private weather organizations do not bear the full costs of supplying their services, since they receive nearly all of their meteorological data from the National Weather Service at essentially zero cost.(1) No private weather organization in the United States owns a weather satellite, for example. Any investigation into the socially...
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作者：California Institute of Technology; University of Southern California
