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• Corn market integration in Porfirian Mexico AI翻译
  作者：Complutense University of Madrid
  摘要：This article aims to cover an important aspect of the economic history of Porfirian Mexico: the integration of agricultural domestic markets. Because corn was the staple crop of the commercial agricultural sector, it becomes the protagonist of this story. Panel techniques are applied to a price-convergence model. Although still unfinished on the eve of the Mexican Revolution, corn market integration substantially accelerated during the Porfiriato and ended up further integrated than estimated ...
• Constitutions, corporations, and corruption: American States and constitutional change, 1842 to 1852 AI翻译
  作者：University System of Maryland; University of Maryland College Park; National Bureau of Economic Research
  摘要：Between 1842 and 1852, eleven states adopted new constitutions, simultaneously creating procedures for issuing government debt and for chartering corporations through general incorporation acts. Why simultaneously? Voters wanted geographically specific infrastructure investments but opposed geographically widespread taxation. States resolved the dilemma by developing several innovative public finance schemes. One, taxless finance, used borrowed funds and special corporate privileges without ra...
• Did New Deal grant programs stimulate local economies? A study of federal grants and retail sales during the great depression AI翻译
  作者：University of Arizona; National Bureau of Economic Research; Syracuse University; University of California System; University of California Merced; National Bureau of Economic Research
  摘要：Using data on New Deal grants to each U.S. county from 1933 to 1939, we estimate how relief and public works spending and payments to farmers through the Agricultural Adjustment Administration influenced retail consumption. On a per capita basis, we find that an additional dollar of public works and relief spending was associated with a 44 cent increase in 1939 retail sales. In contrast, the AAA seems to have had a negative effect on retail sales, suggesting that nonlandowners in the farm sect...
• Against leviathan: Government power and a free society. AI翻译
  作者：Wheaton College
• Atlantic virginia: Intercolonial relations in the seventeenth century AI翻译
  作者：University of Colorado System; University of Colorado Boulder
• Downtown America: A history of the place and the people who made it. AI翻译
  作者：Duke University
• Big social savings in a small laggard economy: Railroad-led growth in Brazil AI翻译
  作者：University of California System; University of California Los Angeles
  摘要：Railroad development had a profound impact in nineteenth- and early-twentieth-century Brazil. Direct benefits were small for passengers, but large for freight services, and contributed heavily to the transition from stagnation to growth. Domestic-use activities received a differentially large stimulus. Estimates of the social rate of return reveal that Brazil did not overinvest in railroads. A different allocation of subsidies to railroad capital could have generated additional gains. Backward...
• The origins of the industrial revolution in the United States. AI翻译
  作者：Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute
• Colonial institutions and cross-cultural trade: Repartimiento credit and indigenous production of cochineal in eighteenth-century oaxaca, Mexico AI翻译
  作者：University System of Ohio; Ohio Wesleyan University
  摘要：Colonial societies exhibit peculiar institutions frequently attributed to the unequal and exploitative nature of the relations between colonizer and colonized. Repartimiento has been depicted as a coercive system of production and consumption designed by Spaniards to draw reluctant Amerindians into the market. An examination of repartimiento through the lens of New Institutional Economics provides an alternative understanding of this credit system. Characteristics of the repartimiento most oft...
• Rural-urban migration and socioeconomic mobility in Victorian Britain AI翻译
  作者：Colby College
  摘要：This article analyzes rural-urban migration in Great Britain in the latter half of the nineteenth century. Using a new dataset of 28,000 individuals matched between the 1851 and 1881 population censuses, I examine the selection process and treatment effect of migration, controlling for the endogeneity of the migration decision. I find that urban migrants were positively selected - the best of the rural labor pool - and that the economic benefits of migration were substantial. Migrants responde...