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作者：Colegio de Mexico
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作者：Chapman University System; Chapman University
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作者：State University of New York (SUNY) System; State University of New York (SUNY) - Oswego
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作者：University of Illinois System; University of Illinois Chicago; University of Illinois Chicago Hospital
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作者：University System of Georgia; Kennesaw State University
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作者：Yale University
摘要：Around 1900, an extraordinary number of stillbirths appeared in Japan's statistical yearbooks. This article investigates possible biological explanations but concludes that Japan's anomalous stillbirth rates were primarily the result of the deliberate misreporting of infanticides and abortions. On the basis of an international comparison spanning five centuries, it estimates that between 1886 and 1940, Japanese parents filed between 1.7 and 2.8 million false stillbirth reports.
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作者：University of California System; University of California Riverside; University of California System; University of California Berkeley
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作者：Boston University; Colgate University
摘要：The rollout of Rural Free Delivery (RFD) in the early twentieth century dramatically increased the frequency with which rural voters received information. This article examines the effect of RFD on voters' and Representatives' behavior using a panel dataset and instrumental variables. Communities receiving more routes spread their votes to more parties; there is no evidence it changed turnout. RFD shifted positions taken by Representatives in line with rural constituents, including increased s...
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作者：Bank of Japan
摘要：Standard productivity measures indicate large fluctuations in technology during the Great Depression. This article's historical technology series (1892-1966), controlled for aggregation effects, varying input utilization, non-constant returns, and imperfect competition, does not indicate technology regress such that could trigger the downturn. In contrast, technology improvements in the recovery were so rapid that, over the whole Great Depression period, technology growth was highest among pre...
