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作者：BERTOLA, G
作者单位：National Bureau of Economic Research
摘要：Labor turnover costs may or may not decrease average employment in a partial equilibrium model of labor demand, depending on the form of the revenue function, on the rates of discount and of labor attrition, and on the relative size of hiring and firing costs. If discount and attrition rates are strictly positive, firing costs may well increase average employment even when hiring costs reduce it.
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作者：ALBRECHT, JW; VROMAN, SB
摘要：This article presents an equilibrium model of a dual labor market. Firms are assumed to be identical ex ante, and dualism arises endogenously. The dual labor market outcome is supported by efficiency wage and search considerations. Firms choose wage/effort requirement packages optimally given optimal search and effort choice by workers, and vice versa. We prove existence and investigate the occurrence and nature of dual labor market equilibria.
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作者：GARVEY, GT; SWAN, PL
摘要：Worker incentive schemes are invariably assumed to be administered by an owner-entrepreneur who has an incentive to understate worker performance after the event. While tournaments can overcome this problem, they discourage cooperation between workers. We show that a professional manager concerned with equality between workers and with avoiding bankruptcy rather than maximizing shareholder wealth will conduct a tournament that preserves individual effort incentives while promoting cooperation ...
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作者：COUCH, KA
摘要：This research utilizes new data to track the earnings effect of the National Supported Work experiment (NSW) on the youth and Aid to Families with Dependent Children (AFDC) target groups for 8 years following training. The research indicates that the NSW's effect on the AFDC recipients ranged from $375 to $525 in 1978 dollars during the years 1982-86. The sum of the estimated earnings effects for the AFDC treatments over the observed posttraining period more than offset the costs of the traini...
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作者：KRUEGER, AB; PISCHKE, JS
作者单位：National Bureau of Economic Research
摘要：This article uses aggregate birth year/calendar year level data derived from the Current Population Survey (CPS) to estimate the effect of Social Security wealth on the labor supply of older men in the 1970s and 1980s. The analysis focuses on measuring the impact of the 1977 amendments to the Social Security Act, which created a substantial, unanticipated reduction in Social Security wealth for individuals born after 1916. This differential in benefits has become known as the benefit notch. Re...
