-
作者：Stevens, M
作者单位：University of Oxford; University of Oxford
摘要：This article investigates the hypothesis that when measures of specific human capital ( such as job tenure) are included in earnings functions, there may be a sample selection bias because of job-matching effects because workers with high unobserved match quality receive and accept high wage offers. We develop a model for wage offers in a labor market characterized by both specific human capital and job matching. The model provides a theoretical basis for empirical earnings functions containin...
-
作者：Clark, AE
作者单位：Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)
摘要：This article uses seven waves of panel data to test for social norms in labor market status. The unemployed's well-being is shown to be strongly positively correlated with reference group unemployment (at the regional, partner, or household level). This result, far stronger for men, is robust to controls for unobserved individual heterogeneity. Panel data also show that those whose well-being fell the most on entering unemployment are less likely to remain unemployed. These findings suggest a ...
-
作者：Autor, DH
作者单位：Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT); National Bureau of Economic Research
摘要：Over the past 3 decades, the U. S. Temporary Help Services (THS) industry grew five times more rapidly than overall employment. Contemporaneously, courts in 46 states adopted exceptions to the common law doctrine of employment at will that limited employers' discretion to terminate workers and opened them to litigation. This article assesses the contribution of unjust dismissal doctrine to THS employment specifically, and outsourcing more generally, finding that it is substantial-explaining 20...
-
作者：Bollinger, CR; Hotchkiss, JL
作者单位：University of Kentucky; University System of Georgia; Georgia State University; Federal Reserve System - USA; Federal Reserve Bank - Atlanta
摘要：Making use of performance data for baseball players, this article provides empirical evidence in support of Lazear's ( 1998) theoretical predictions that ( 1) risky workers will earn a premium for their upside potential, ( 2) this risk premium will be higher the longer a worker's work life, and ( 3) firms must enjoy some comparative advantage in the labor market to be willing to pay a premium to risky workers. The validity of Lazear's predictions carries implications for wage differentials bet...
-
作者：Smith, JP
作者单位：RAND Corporation
摘要：This article calculates retirement income - replacement rates for all labor market cohorts across the last 25 years and describes the changing contributions made by private pensions, social security, and assets. The factors on which replacement rates are sensitive include position in the income distribution, the use of after-tax instead of pretax incomes, the changing family composition of households between their pre- and postretirement years, and differential underreporting of income by age....
-
作者：Blau, FD; Kahn, LM
作者单位：Cornell University; National Bureau of Economic Research
摘要：Using microdata for 22 countries over the 1985-94 period, we find that more compressed male wage structures and lower female net supply are both associated with a lower gender pay gap, with an especially large effect for wage structures. Reduced-form specifications indicate that the extent of collective bargaining coverage is also significantly negatively related to the gender pay gap. Together, the wage compression and collective bargaining results suggest that the high wage floors that are a...
-
作者：Arai, M
作者单位：Stockholm University
摘要：Swedish data on workers matched with firms' balance-sheet reports are used to examine the relation between wages and firms' ability to pay. Results indicate that experienced and highly educated workers are sorted into profitable firms. Wages are positively correlated with profits and the capital-labor ratio, after controlling for worker quality, degree of effort supervision, job characteristics, local unemployment, firms' employment history, and employer size. Lester's range of pay due to rent...
-
作者：Fairlie, RW; Meyer, BD
作者单位：University of California System; University of California Santa Cruz; Northwestern University; National Bureau of Economic Research
摘要：We examine the impact of immigration on self-employed natives. In a new general equilibrium model of self-employment and wage/salary work, a range of plausible parameter values implies small negative effects of immigration on native self-employment rates and earnings. Using 1980 and 1990 Census microdata, we then examine the relationship between changes in immigration and native self-employment rates and earnings across 132 of the largest U. S. metropolitan areas. We find evidence suggesting t...
-
作者：Bayard, K; Hellerstein, J; Neumark, D; Troske, K
作者单位：University System of Maryland; University of Maryland College Park; National Bureau of Economic Research; Michigan State University; University of Missouri System; University of Missouri Columbia; United States Department of Labor
摘要：We use new matched employer-employee data to estimate the contributions of sex segregation and wage differences by sex within occupation, industry, establishment, and occupation-establishment cells to the overall sex gap in wages. In contrast to earlier data used to study this question, our data cover all industries and occupations across all regions of the United States. We find that segregation of women into lower-paying occupations, industries, establishments, and occupations within establi...
-
作者：Hvide, HK
作者单位：Norwegian School of Economics (NHH)
摘要：I study how education affects the allocation of talent into different sectors of the economy. I focus on two forces. First, education adds to a worker's information capital and, thus, may change her self-confidence. Second, performance contracts give a worker incentives to choose a sector according to her abilities. The baseline model predicts that workers with intermediate ability educate, while the most able skip education. In an extension, I compare the U. K. and the U. S. bachelor's degree...
