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作者：Sarvimaki, Matti; Hamalainen, Kari
作者单位：Aalto University; VATT Institute for Economic Research
摘要：We examine the impact of restructuring active labor market programs for unemployed immigrants in Finland. Exploiting a discontinuity in the phase-in rules of the reform, we find that it increased compliers' cumulative earnings by 47% over a 10-year follow-up period. We attribute these improvements to a more efficient use of existing resources. The reform did not affect total days in training, but it did modify the content toward training specifically designed for immigrants.
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作者：Angrist, Joshua D.; Cohodes, Sarah R.; Dynarski, Susan M.; Pathak, Parag A.; Walters, Christopher R.
作者单位：Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT); National Bureau of Economic Research; Columbia University Teachers College; Columbia University; University of Michigan System; University of Michigan; University of California System; University of California Berkeley
摘要：We use admissions lotteries to estimate effects of attendance at Boston's charter high schools on college preparation and enrollment. Charter schools increase pass rates on Massachusetts' high-stakes exit exam, with large effects on the likelihood of qualifying for a state-sponsored scholarship. Charter attendance also boosts SAT scores sharply and increases the likelihood of taking an Advanced Placement (AP) exam, the number of AP exams taken, and AP scores. Charters induce a substantial shif...
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作者：Gelbach, Jonah B.
作者单位：University of Pennsylvania
摘要：Authors often add covariates to a base model sequentially either to test a particular coefficient's robustness or to account for the effects on this coefficient of adding covariates. This is problematic, due to sequence sensitivity when added covariates are intercorrelated. Using the omitted variables bias formula, I construct a conditional decomposition that accounts for various covariates' role in moving base regressors' coefficients. I also provide a consistent covariance formula. I illustr...
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作者：Kuhnen, Camelia M.; Oyer, Paul
作者单位：University of North Carolina; University of North Carolina Chapel Hill; National Bureau of Economic Research; Stanford University
摘要：We empirically investigate the effect of uncertainty on corporate hiring. Using novel data from the labor market for MBA graduates, we show that uncertainty regarding how well job candidates fit with a firm's industry hinders hiring and that firms value probationary work arrangements that provide the option to learn more about potential full-time employees. The detrimental effect of uncertainty on hiring is more pronounced when firms face greater firing and replacement costs and when they face...
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作者：Huttunen, Kristiina; Kellokumpu, Jenni
作者单位：Aalto University; University of Jyvaskyla
摘要：This paper analyzes the effects of job displacement on fertility using Finnish longitudinal register data. We focus on couples where one spouse has lost a job due to a plant closure and follow them for several years before and following the job loss. The results show that female job loss decreases fertility. For every 100 displaced females, there are three fewer children born. Male job loss has no impact on fertility despite resulting in a stronger decrease in family income than female job los...
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作者：Glaeser, Edward L.; Gottlieb, Joshua D.; Ziv, Oren
作者单位：Harvard University; National Bureau of Economic Research; University of British Columbia; Michigan State University; Dartmouth College
摘要：There are persistent differences in self-reported subjective well-being across US metropolitan areas, and residents of declining cities appear less happy than others. Yet some people continue to move to these areas, and newer residents appear to be as unhappy as longer-term residents. While historical data on happiness are limited, the available facts suggest that cities that are now declining were also unhappy in their more prosperous past. These facts support the view that individuals do not...
