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作者：Bredemeier, Christian; Gravert, Jan; Juessen, Falko
作者单位：University of Cologne; IZA Institute Labor Economics; University of Wuppertal; IZA Institute Labor Economics
摘要：Conventional estimates of Frisch labor supply elasticities are biased in the presence of borrowing constraints. We develop an incomplete-markets model with two-earner households and derive a new estimation approach for the Frisch elasticity that yields unbiased estimates even in samples that include borrowing-constrained households. Our approach exploits that the strength of the estimation bias depends on individuals' relative contribution to household earnings. It takes the form of a simple i...
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作者：Goodman, Joshua
作者单位：Harvard University
摘要：Despite great focus on and public investment in STEM education, little causal evidence connects quantitative coursework to students' economic outcomes. I show that state changes in minimum high school math requirements substantially increase black students' completed math coursework and their later earnings. The marginal student's return to an additional math course is 10%, roughly half the return to a year of high school, and is partly explained by a shift toward more cognitively skilled occu...
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作者：Smeets, Valerie; Waldman, Michael; Warzynski, Frederic
作者单位：Aarhus University; Cornell University
摘要：In this paper we focus on a classic idea concerning span of control, which is that a prime driver is the scale of operations effect. We extend the theory concerning the scale of operations effect by allowing firms' beliefs concerning a manager's ability to evolve over the manager's career. We empirically investigate the resulting testable predictions using a unique single-firm data set that contains detailed information concerning the reporting relationships at the firm. Our empirical analysis...
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作者：Barr, Tavis; Bojilov, Raicho; Munasinghe, Lalith
作者单位：Pontificia Universidad Catolica de Chile; Institut Polytechnique de Paris; ENSAE Paris; Ecole Polytechnique; Columbia University; Columbia University
摘要：Referrals can improve screening and self-selection of applicants during the hiring process. We model and estimate how referral information affects the selection of employees through job offers, acceptances, and turnover. Using data from a call center company, we show that referrals help employers attract applicants of superior performance. Yet performance differences between referred and nonreferred workers diminish with tenure through selective turnover. Our estimates reveal that referrals al...
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作者：Patnaik, Ankita
摘要：Daddy quotas that reserve some parental leave for fathers are increasingly common in developed nations, but it is unclear whether fathers respond to the binding constraints or the labeling effects they produce. Furthermore, little is known about their long-term effects on household behavior. I examine the Quebec Parental Insurance Plan, which improved compensation and reserved 5 weeks of leave for fathers. I find that fathers' participation increased by 250%, driven by higher benefits and the ...
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作者：Jaume, David; Willen, Alexander
作者单位：Norwegian School of Economics (NHH)
摘要：We exploit cross-cohort variation in the prevalence of teacher strikes within and across provinces in Argentina to examine how teacher strikes affect student long-run outcomes. Being exposed to the average incidence of strikes during primary school reduces labor earnings of males and females by 3.2% and 1.9%, respectively. A back-of-the-envelope calculation suggests that this amounts to an aggregate annual earnings loss of $2.34 billion. We also find an increase in unemployment and a decline i...
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作者：Figlio, David; Ozek, Umut
作者单位：Northwestern University; National Bureau of Economic Research; American Institutes for Research
摘要：A point of contention in the refugee crisis involves possible adverse effects on host communities associated with poor, low-skilled migrants with low host-community language knowledge. We use unique matched birth and schooling records to examine the effects of a large influx of poor, non-English-speaking Haitian migrants into Florida public schools immediately following the devastating 2010 earthquake. We find zero or modestly positive estimated effects of these migrants on the educational out...
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作者：Li, Minghao; Goetz, Stephan J.
作者单位：New Mexico State University; Pennsylvania Commonwealth System of Higher Education (PCSHE); Pennsylvania State University; Pennsylvania State University - University Park
摘要：Children whose parents were self-employed before China's socialist transformation were more likely to become self-employed after the economic reform, even though they had no direct exposure to their parents' businesses. The effect is statistically significant only for sons. The lack of direct exposure to family businesses impedes the transfer of business human capital and motivates us to explore personality traits as the underlying mechanisms. We find that children with self-employed parents a...
