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作者：Pollak, Robert A.
作者单位：Washington University (WUSTL); National Bureau of Economic Research
摘要：This paper investigates marriage market equilibrium when bargaining in marriage (BIM) determines allocation within marriage. In contrast, the standard marriage market model assumes that prospective spouses make binding agreements in the marriage market (BAMM) that determine allocation within marriage. When BIM determines allocation within marriage, the appropriate framework for analyzing marriage market equilibrium is the Gale-Shapley matching model, not the Koopmans-Beckmann-Shapley-Shubik as...
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作者：de Matos, Ana Damas; Parent, Daniel
作者单位：Universite de Montreal; HEC Montreal
摘要：We show that, on the basis of the initial-screening point system used in Canada, immigrants who subsequently move to the United States are more highly educated than their counterparts from the same source countries in the United States and have much better outcomes. High-skill immigrants who transit through Canada before moving to the United States do so fairly early after arrival, and they represent a substantial share of the population of young, highly educated immigrants in Canada. Thus, Ca...
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作者：Figlio, David; Ozek, Umut
作者单位：Northwestern University; National Bureau of Economic Research; American Institutes for Research
摘要：A point of contention in the refugee crisis involves possible adverse effects on host communities associated with poor, low-skilled migrants with low host-community language knowledge. We use unique matched birth and schooling records to examine the effects of a large influx of poor, non-English-speaking Haitian migrants into Florida public schools immediately following the devastating 2010 earthquake. We find zero or modestly positive estimated effects of these migrants on the educational out...
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作者：Li, Minghao; Goetz, Stephan J.
作者单位：New Mexico State University; Pennsylvania Commonwealth System of Higher Education (PCSHE); Pennsylvania State University; Pennsylvania State University - University Park
摘要：Children whose parents were self-employed before China's socialist transformation were more likely to become self-employed after the economic reform, even though they had no direct exposure to their parents' businesses. The effect is statistically significant only for sons. The lack of direct exposure to family businesses impedes the transfer of business human capital and motivates us to explore personality traits as the underlying mechanisms. We find that children with self-employed parents a...
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作者：Milligan, Kevin; Schirle, Tammy
作者单位：University of British Columbia; National Bureau of Economic Research; Wilfrid Laurier University
摘要：Disability insurance take-up has expanded substantially in the past 20 years in the United States while shrinking in Canada. We empirically assess these trends by measuring the strength of the push from weak labor markets versus the pull of more generous benefits. Using an instrumental variables strategy comparing benefit changes across country, age, and year, we find that both benefits and regional wages matter. Simulations suggest that the upswing in disability insurance take-up in the Unite...
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作者：Stinebrickner, Ralph; Stinebrickner, Todd; Sullivan, Paul
作者单位：Western University (University of Western Ontario); American University
摘要：This paper studies wage determination using the first longitudinal data set containing job-level task information for individual workers. Novel quantitative task measures detail the amount of time spent performing people, information, and objects tasks at different skill levels. These measures suggest natural proxies for on-the-job human capital accumulation and provide new insights about wage determination. Current job tasks are quantitatively important, with high-skilled tasks being paid sub...
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作者：Card, David
作者单位：University of California System; University of California Berkeley
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作者：Drange, Nina; Havnes, Tarjei
作者单位：Statistics Norway; University of Oslo
摘要：Young children are thought to be vulnerable to separation from their primary caregiver. This raises concern about whether early childcare enrollment may harm child development. We use childcare assignment lotteries to estimate the effect of enrollment at age 1-2 on cognitive development in Norway. Estimates show significant gains in language and mathematics at age 6-7 and a substantial drop in scores below publicly set thresholds for low performance. Across subsamples, we find a pattern of str...
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作者：Murphy, Francis X.
摘要：While much research has investigated peer effects in education, less is known about peer influence at work, particularly how bad peers affect other workers. I study soldiers during a time when the US Army granted large numbers of morality waivers to recruits with felony or misdemeanor convictions that normally preclude enlistment. I find that soldiers randomly assigned to larger shares of peers with criminal backgrounds are more likely to commit major misconduct. Additionally, that misconduct ...
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作者：Schwandt, Hannes; von Wachter, Till
作者单位：Northwestern University; Center for Economic & Policy Research (CEPR); University of California System; University of California Los Angeles; National Bureau of Economic Research; Center for Economic & Policy Research (CEPR)
摘要：This paper studies the differential persistent effects of initial economic conditions for labor market entrants in the United States from 1976 to 2015 by education, gender, and race using labor force survey data. We find persistent earnings and wage reductions, especially for less advantaged entrants, that increases in government support only partly offset. We confirm that the results are unaffected by selective migration and labor market entry by also using a double-weighted average unemploym...
