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作者：Marie, Olivier; Castello, Judit Vall
作者单位：Erasmus University Rotterdam; Erasmus University Rotterdam - Excl Erasmus MC; IZA Institute Labor Economics; Leibniz Association; Ifo Institut; University of Barcelona; Pompeu Fabra University
摘要：We investigate the impact on work absences of a large reduction in paid sick leave benefits in Spain. Our results highlight substantial decreases in frequency (number of spells) mostly offset by increases in duration (length of spells). Overall, the policy did reduce the number of days lost to sick leave. For some, however, return to work was premature, as we document large increases in both the proportion of relapses and the number of working accidents. Displacement toward this unaffected ben...
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作者：[Anonymous]
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作者：Caria, Stefano; Franklin, Simon; Witte, Marc
作者单位：University of Warwick; University of London; Queen Mary University London; IZA Institute Labor Economics
摘要：We study how active labor market policies affect the exchange of information and support among job seekers. Leveraging a unique social network survey in Ethiopia, we find that a randomized job search assistance intervention reduces information sharing and support between treated job seekers and their active job search partners. Because of lower job search support, untreated individuals search less and, suggestively, have worse employment outcomes. These results are consistent with a model of n...
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作者：Wikle, Jocelyn; Wilson, Riley
作者单位：Brigham Young University
摘要：We explore how access to Head Start affects maternal labor supply. By relaxing childcare constraints, public preschools like Head Start might lead mothers to reallocate time among employment, childcare, and other activities. Using the 1990s enrollment and funding expansions and the 2002 Head Start Impact Study randomized controlled trial, we show that Head Start increases short-run employment and wage earnings of single mothers without reducing quality parent-child interactions. Even before in...
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作者：Sockin, Jason; Sojourner, Aaron
作者单位：University of Pennsylvania; W.E. Upjohn Institute for Employment Research
摘要：Workers struggle to understand prospective employers. Through experienced workers' volunteered reviews, Glassdoor is a platform seeking to provide information about prospective employers to job seekers. We find that the content most valuable to job seekers (negative information) is the kind most risky to supply, pointing to a catch-22. Higher ratings increase job applications to smaller firms only, creating an incentive for them to discourage negative reviews. Concerns about employer retaliati...
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作者：Baker, Michael; Messacar, Derek; Stabile, Mark
作者单位：University of Toronto; National Bureau of Economic Research; Memorial University Newfoundland; Statistics Canada; INSEAD Business School; Centre for Economic Policy Research - UK
摘要：We investigate how reforms of Canada's child allowances affected household poverty and maternal employment-the 2015 increase and expansion of the Universal Child Care Benefit and the 2016 introduction of a new Canada Child Benefit (CCB). We document that both reforms reduced child poverty, although the CCB had greater effect. By 2018, we estimate that the CCB reduced poverty by 11% in families headed by a single mother and by nearly 17% in two-parent families. We find no evidence, on either th...
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作者：East, Chloe N.; Hines, Annie L.; Luck, Philip; Mansour, Hani; Velasquez, Andrea
作者单位：University of Colorado System; University of Colorado Denver; IZA Institute Labor Economics
摘要：We examine the labor market effects of Secure Communities (SC), a police-based immigration enforcement policy implemented in 2008-13. Using variation in implementation across local areas and over time, we find that SC decreased the employment of likely undocumented immigrants. These effects are driven not only by deportations but also by adjustments among immigrants who remain in the United States. Importantly, SC also decreased the employment and hourly wages of US-born individuals. We provid...
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作者：Li, Wenchao; Lou, Xuyan; Yi, Junjian; Zhang, Junsen
作者单位：Tongji University; University of Nottingham Ningbo China; Peking University; Zhejiang University
摘要：This study investigates the effects of unobserved earnings-related endowments on marital outcomes, focusing on potential gender differences. Using a less stringent, more plausible assumption that monozygotic twins share more similar endowments relative to dizygotic twins, we develop a novel identification strategy from the twins experiment. Using unique Chinese twins survey data, we find that men with genetic endowments related to higher earnings marry earlier and have younger, taller wives; s...
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作者：Chang, Eunsik; Padilla-Romo, Maria
作者单位：Mississippi State University; University of Tennessee System; University of Tennessee Knoxville
摘要：We provide evidence that short-term shocks to student cognitive performance have long-lasting consequences for human capital development. We use administrative data from Mexico City to show that students' exposure to violent crime in the week immediately prior to a high-stakes exam lowers females' test scores by 11% of a standard deviation. As a result, 19% of female students exposed to violent crime are subsequently assigned to less preferred, lower-quality high schools. We find no such effec...
