-
作者：Lubrano, Michel; Kirman, Alan; Bauwens, Luc; Protopopescu, Camelia
作者单位：Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS); Universite Catholique Louvain
摘要：We provide a ranking of economics departments in Europe and we discuss the methods used to obtain it. The JEL CD-ROM serves as a database for a period covering ten years. Journals are ranked using a combination of expert opinions and citation data to produce a scale from 1 to 10. The publication output and habits of fifteen European countries plus California are then compared. Individuals with a contribution greater than a predetermined minimum level are regrouped into departments which are ra...
-
作者：Dewatripont, Mathias; Legros, Patrick; Matthews, Steven A.
作者单位：Universite Libre de Bruxelles; Center for Economic & Policy Research (CEPR); University of Pennsylvania
摘要：We base a contracting theory for a startup firm on an agency model with observable but nonverifiable effort, and renegotiable contracts. Two essential restrictions on simple contracts are imposed: the entrepreneur must be given limited liability, and the investor's earnings must not decrease in the realized profit of the firm. All message game contracts with pure strategy equilibria (and no third parties) are considered. Within this class of contracts/equilibria, and regardless of who has the ...
-
作者：Acemoglu, Daron; Johnson, Simon; Robinson, James
作者单位：Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT); University of California System; University of California Berkeley
摘要：Health conditions and disease environments are important for economic outcomes. This paper argues that the main impact of disease environments on the economic development of nations is not due to the direct effect of health conditions on income, but rather because of their indirect effect via institutions. Health does affect income directly, but this can explain only a small fraction of today's differences in per capita income. In contrast, when previously isolated populations came into contac...
-
作者：Machin, Stephen; Manning, Alan; Rahman, Lupin
作者单位：University of London; University College London; University of London; London School Economics & Political Science
摘要：Between 1993 and April 1999 there was no minimum wage in the United Kingdom (except in agriculture). In this paper we study the effects of the introduction of a National Minimum Wage (NMW) in April 1999 on one heavily affected sector, the residential care homes industry. This sector contains a large number of low paid workers and as such can be viewed as being very vulnerable to minimum wage legislation. We look at the impact on both wages and employment. Our results suggest that the minimum w...
-
作者：Ridder, Geert; van den Berg, Gerard J.
作者单位：University of Southern California; Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam
摘要：In this paper we define and estimate measures of labor market frictions using data on job durations. We compare different estimation methods and different types of data. We propose and apply an unconditional inference method that can be applied to aggregate duration data. It does not require wage data, it is invariant to the way in which wages are determined, and it allows workers to care about other job characteristics. The empirical analysis focuses on France, but we perform separate analyse...
-
作者：Garicano, Luis; Hubbard, Thomas N.
作者单位：National Bureau of Economic Research
摘要：A large theoretical literature focuses on the question: What determines firms' boundaries? Recently, Garicano and Santos and Holmstrom and Milgrom have proposed theories in which firms' boundaries reflect the division of labor across individuals. This paper discusses strategies for generating and testing empirical propositions from this emerging class of theories. We propose that variation in the returns to specialization is extremely useful to test and quantify the effect of the division of l...
-
作者：Castanheira, Micael
摘要：This paper contrasts direct election with political appointment of regulators. When regulators are appointed, regulatory policy becomes bundled with other policy issues the appointing politicians are responsible for. Because voters have only one vote to cast and regulatory issues are not salient for most voters, there are electoral incentives to respond to stakeholder interests. If regulators are elected, their stance on regulation is the only salient issue so that the electoral incentive is t...
-
作者：Persson, Torsten; Tabellini, Guido; Trebbi, Francesco
作者单位：Stockholm University; Bocconi University; Harvard University
摘要：Is corruption systematically related to electoral rules? Recent theoretical work suggests a positive answer. But little is known about the data. We try to address this lacuna by relating corruption to different features of the electoral system in a sample of about eighty democracies in the 1990s. We exploit the cross-country variation in the data, as well as the time variation arising from recent episodes of electoral reform. The evidence is consistent with the theoretical priors. Larger votin...
-
作者：Barrett, Scott
作者单位：Johns Hopkins University
摘要：An infectious disease can only be eradicated globally if it is eliminated in every country. But does this require only international coordination, or does it require cooperation? Using a model that blends epidemiology, economics, and game theory, this paper shows that coordination will not always suffice, even when the global benefits of eradication exceed the costs. In general, eradication will require strong international institutions. (JEL: H41, I18, K33, O19)
-
作者：Cubeddu, Luis; Rios-Rull, Jose-Victor
作者单位：International Monetary Fund; University of Pennsylvania; National Bureau of Economic Research
摘要：In this paper we show the quantitative importance of the process that determines changes in family composition to determine the main macroeconomic magnitudes. We do so by modelling family type as a stochastic process that affects households in a way similar to shocks to earnings. Agents respond to these process by optimally choosing savings. We show that the size of savings differs dramatically depending on the details of the stochastic process. The model is quantitative: its fundamental param...
