Cryo-electron microscopy structures of human cone visual pigments
成果类型：
Article
署名作者：
Peng, Qi; Li, Jian; Jiang, Haihai; Cheng, Xinyu; Nag, Probal; Kleinau, Gunnar; Lamb, Trevor D.; Busche, Leon; Lu, Qiuyuan; Zhou, Sili; Liu, Yidi; Zhang, Yuting; Lv, Sijia; Wan, Shuangyan; Yang, Tingting; Chen, Yixiang; Zhang, Wei; Nan, Weiwei; Fu, Ying; Che, Tong; Li, Yanyan; Liao, Hongfei; Duan, Jingjing; Schapiro, Igor; Scheerer, Patrick; Zhang, Jin
署名单位：
Nanchang University; Dortmund University of Technology; Free University of Berlin; Humboldt University of Berlin; Charite Universitatsmedizin Berlin; Free University of Berlin; Humboldt University of Berlin; Australian National University; John Curtin School of Medical Research; Southern University of Science & Technology; Southern University of Science & Technology; Nanchang University; Hebrew University of Jerusalem
刊物名称：
SCIENCE
ISSN/ISSBN：
0036-8075; 1095-9203
DOI：
10.1126/science.adz8141
发表日期：
2026-06-25
页码：
eadz8141
关键词：
amino-acid substitutions
GREEN COLOR-VISION
crystal-structure
molecular-properties
OPSIN GENES
cyclic-gmp
rhodopsin
red
rod
blue
摘要：
Human trichromatic color vision relies on three cone opsins [long-, middle-, and short-wavelength-sensitive opsins (LWS-, MWS-, and SWS-opsins, respectively)], whereas scotopic rod vision is mediated by rhodopsin. Although the structure of rhodopsin was solved more than 20 years ago, cone opsin structures have been lacking. Here, we present cryo-electron microscopy structures of the three human cone opsins, each bound to a G protein and all-trans retinal in the presumed active state. All three cone opsins differ markedly from rhodopsin. Within the retinal binding pocket, we identified a distinct counterion site (LWS- and MWS-opsins) and a ring of serines around the retinal (SWS-opsin). The active cone opsin structures explain how amino acid substitutions fine-tune spectral sensitivity and help clarify the molecular basis of color vision deficiencies and key differences in rod versus cone activation.
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