The oscillatory biology of sleep: Linkage to dementia

• 成果类型: Review
• 署名作者: Nedergaard, Maiken
• 署名单位: University of Rochester; University of Copenhagen
• 刊物名称: SCIENCE
• ISSN/ISSBN: 0036-8075; 1095-9203
• DOI: 10.1126/science.aeg2276
• 发表日期: 2026-05-21
• 页码: 821-826
• 关键词: heart-rate-variability; psychiatric-disorders; locus-coeruleus; nervous-system; SEROTONERGIC INNERVATION; RISK; schizophrenia; norepinephrine; CONSEQUENCES; associations

摘要

During wakefulness, neuromodulators operate largely independently to support behavior and cognition. By contrast, sleep reorganizes their activity into a coordinated brain rhythm. During sleep, the major neuromodulators-norepinephrine, acetylcholine, serotonin, and dopamine-exhibit synchronized fluctuations with a periodicity of similar to 50 seconds. These oscillations appear as recurrent bursts of fast (10 to 30 hertz) electroencephalography activity and are phase-coupled to cerebrospinal fluid flow. Neuromodulators are vasoactive agents and drive slow vasomotion, which provide the mechanical force that supports glymphatic clearance of metabolic waste. Disruption of neuromodulator signaling, as seen in psychiatric disorders, cardiovascular disease, aging, or with commonly prescribed drugs, impairs clearance of neurotoxic proteins, including amyloid-beta and tau. Failure of this evolutionarily conserved brain rhythm may therefore represent a previously unrecognized mechanistic pathway linking diverse disorders with sleep disturbances to increased dementia risk.