Unveiling the complexity of post-Roman polity formation in Pannonia using ancient DNA

• 成果类型: Article
• 署名作者: Tian, Yijie; Koncz, Istvan; Farago, Norbert; Knipper, Corina; Friedrich, Ronny; Vyas, Deven N.; Samu, Levente; Spekker, Olga; Szeniczey, Tamas; Hajdu, Tamas; Mende, Balazs Gusztav; Tomka, Peter; Pap, Ildiko Katalin; Czigany, David; Radzeviciute, Rita; Traverso, Luca; Gnecchi-Ruscone, Guido Alberto; Francalacci, Paolo; Schone, Bernd; Toth, Gabor; Szecsenyi-Nagy, Anna; le Roux, Petrus; Alt, Kurt W.; Hofmanova, Zuzana; Pohl, Walter; Krause, Johannes; Vida, Tivadar; Geary, Patrick J.; Veeramah, Krishna R.
• 署名单位: State University of New York (SUNY) System; Stony Brook University; Eotvos Lorand University; Szeged University; Eotvos Lorand University; Institute for Anthropological Research Zagreb; Eotvos Lorand University; ELTE Research Centre for the Humanities; Max Planck Society; Eberhard Karls University of Tubingen; University of Cagliari; Johannes Gutenberg University of Mainz; Eotvos Lorand University; University of Cape Town; Masaryk University; Austrian Academy of Sciences; University of Vienna; Institute for Advanced Study - USA
• 刊物名称: SCIENCE
• ISSN/ISSBN: 0036-8075; 1095-9203
• DOI: 10.1126/science.aec2634
• 发表日期: 2026-06-11
• 页码: eaec2634
• 关键词: ADMIXTURE PROPORTIONS; population genomics; collagen extraction; isotope ratios; HISTORY; sr-87/sr-86; Europe; ancestry; diet

摘要

The transformation of the Roman world [fourth to ninth centuries common era (CE)], culminating in the Western Roman Empire's fall, marked a fundamental transition in European history. Key questions persist regarding the regionally specific nature of this transformation. We generated a paleogenomic dataset to reconstruct post-Roman organizations in the Little Hungarian Plain at microregional resolution. Genetic and archaeological analyses of two Roman (n = 68) and five post-Roman (n = 246) sites reveal a rise in Northern European ancestry, reflecting large-scale population movements into this region. Moreover, despite post-Roman sites sharing similar genetic profiles, material culture, and burial practices, they show distinct social structures, especially regarding the role played by biological relatedness. These findings highlight local hierarchies and reveal the making of a post-Roman polity.