Observation of the Einstein-de Haas effect in a Bose-Einstein condensate

• 成果类型: Article
• 署名作者: Matsui, Hiroki; Miyazawa, Yuki; Goto, Ryoto; Nakano, Chihiro; Kawaguchi, Yuki; Ueda, Masahito; Kozuma, Mikio
• 署名单位: Institute of Science Tokyo; Institute of Science Tokyo; Nagoya University; Nagoya University; University of Tokyo
• 刊物名称: SCIENCE
• ISSN/ISSBN: 0036-8075; 1095-9203
• DOI: 10.1126/science.adx2872
• 发表日期: 2026-01-22
• 页码: 384-388
• 关键词: momentum; phonons; atoms; gas

摘要

The Einstein-de Haas effect is a phenomenon in which angular momentum is transferred from microscopic spins to mechanical rotation of a macroscopic rigid body. We report an observation of the Einstein-de Haas effect in a spinor-dipolar Bose-Einstein condensate, in which the intrinsic magnetic dipole-dipole interaction mediates coherent transfer of angular momentum from atomic spins to collective circulation of a quantum fluid. The depolarized spinor components displayed ring-shaped density distributions that were confirmed as quantized vortices through matter-wave interferometry, revealing a coherent conversion between spin and orbital angular momentum. This observation opens a pathway to exploring ground-state phases with broken chiral symmetry, spin textures, and mass circulation, as well as the Barnett effect in dipolar quantum gases.