The emergence and diversification of dog morphology

• 成果类型: Article
• 署名作者: Evin, Allowen; Ameen, Carly; Brassard, Colline; Dennis, Sophie; Antipina, Ekaterina E.; Bonhomme, Vincent; Boudadi-Maligne, Myriam; Britton, Kate; Gil Cano, Francisco; Carden, Ruth F.; Claude, Julien; Colominas, Lidia; Curth, Stefan; Egorovich Fedorov, Sergey; Frances, Joan; Kalthoff, Daniela C.; Kitchener, Andrew C.; Knecht, Rick; Kosintsev, Pavel; Linderholm, Anna; Losey, Robert; Merts, Ilia; Merts, Viktor; Mostadius, Maria; Omura, Mark; Onar, Vedat; Outram, Alan K.; Peters, Joris; Rehazek, Andre; Rosengren, Erika; Sablin, Mikhail; Sciulli, Paul; Segui, Maria; Tseng, Z. Jack; Usmanova, Emma; Varfolomeev, Victor; Crockford, Susan; Kuzmin, Yaroslav; Frantz, Laurent; Dobney, Keith; Larson, Greger
• 署名单位: Universite PSL; Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS); Institut de Recherche pour le Developpement (IRD); Universite de Montpellier; Ecole Pratique des Hautes Etudes (EPHE); University of Exeter; Museum National d'Histoire Naturelle (MNHN); Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS); CNRS - Institute of Ecology & Environment (INEE); VetAgro Sup; University of London; Queen Mary University London; Russian Academy of Sciences; Institute of Archaeology, Russian Academy of Sciences; Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS); CNRS - Institute of Ecology & Environment (INEE); University of Aberdeen; University of Murcia; University College Dublin; Universitat Rovira i Virgili; Institut Catala d'Arqueologia Classica (ICAC); North-Eastern Federal University in Yakutsk; Autonomous University of Barcelona; Swedish Museum of Natural History; University of Edinburgh; Ural Federal University; Russian Academy of Sciences; Institute of Plant & Animal Ecology of the Russian Academy of Sciences; Swedish Museum of Natural History; Stockholm University; University of Oxford; University of Alberta; Lund University; Harvard University; Mugla Sitki Kocman University; University of Munich; Lund University; Russian Academy of Sciences; Zoological Institute of the Russian Academy of Sciences; University System of Ohio; Ohio State University; Autonomous University of Barcelona; University of California System; University of California Berkeley; American Museum of Natural History (AMNH); Russian Academy of Sciences; Sobolev Institute of Geology & Mineralogy of the Russian Academy of Sciences; Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences; University of Munich; University of Liverpool
• 刊物名称: SCIENCE
• ISSN/ISSBN: 0036-8075; 1095-9203
• DOI: 10.1126/science.adt0995
• 发表日期: 2025-11-13
• 页码: 741-744
• 关键词: domestication; wolves

摘要

Dogs exhibit an exceptional range of morphological diversity as a result of their long-term association with humans. Attempts to identify when dog morphological variation began to expand have been constrained by the limited number of Pleistocene specimens, the fragmentary nature of remains, and difficulties in distinguishing early dogs from wolves on the basis of skeletal morphology. In this study, we used three-dimensional geometric morphometrics to analyze the size and shape of 643 canid crania spanning the past 50,000 years. Our analyses show that a distinctive dog morphology first appeared at about 11,000 calibrated years before present, and substantial phenotypic diversity already existed in early Holocene dogs. Thus, this variation emerged many millennia before the intense human-mediated selection shaping modern dog breeds beginning in the 19th century.