Transactive Memory Systems and Hospital Trauma Team Performance: Shared Experience in Action Teams

• 成果类型: Article
• 署名作者: Argote, Linda; Guo, Jerry; Haan, Ki-Won; Rosengart, Matthew R.; Teng, Cindy Y.; Kahn, Jeremy M.
• 署名单位: Carnegie Mellon University; Frankfurt School Finance & Management; Qatar Foundation (QF); Carnegie Mellon University in Qatar; Washington University (WUSTL); Saint Louis University; Pennsylvania Commonwealth System of Higher Education (PCSHE); University of Pittsburgh
• 刊物名称: ORGANIZATION SCIENCE
• ISSN/ISSBN: 1047-7039
• DOI: 10.1287/orsc.2024.19022
• 发表日期: 2026
• 关键词: coordinating expertise; SOFTWARE-DEVELOPMENT; GROUP COGNITION; WORK TEAMS; COMMUNICATION; KNOWLEDGE; familiarity; benefits; interdependence; PERSPECTIVE

摘要

We identify and test a theoretical mechanism linking shared team experience and team performance: a transactive memory system (TMS). Our empirical context is the care of patients with severe acute traumatic injury in a hospital emergency department. We coded behavioral indicators of transactive memory from video recordings of trauma resuscitations in a hospital emergency department. We obtained objective measures of team performance-patient lengths of stay in the intensive care unit and in the hospital- from hospital records, as well as information about the experience of team members. Our results of analyzing data from 121 patients reveal that patients treated by trauma teams with strong TMS experience significantly shorter lengths of stay in the intensive care unit (ICU) and in the hospital than patients treated by trauma teams with weaker TMS. The magnitude of the effects was large: Increasing TMS by one standard deviation was associated with a reduction in hospital length of stay (LOS) of 3.3 days and a reduction in ICU LOS of 1.9 days. Experience working together predicted the strength of the team's transactive memory over and above the effect of individual experience. Further, transactive memory mediated or explained the effect of team experience on team performance. These results were robust to multiple sensitivity analyses in which we varied our definition of team experience and our modeling approach and included controls for team, task, and context characteristics. We discuss the implications of these findings for strengthening TMS in trauma resuscitation teams and for theories on transactive memory and organizational learning.