Bayesian Scalar on Image Regression With Nonignorable Nonresponse

• 成果类型: Article
• 署名作者: Feng, Xiangnan; Li, Tengfei; Song, Xinyuan; Zhu, Hongtu
• 署名单位: Southwest Jiaotong University; University of North Carolina; University of North Carolina Chapel Hill; Chinese University of Hong Kong; University of North Carolina; University of North Carolina Chapel Hill
• 刊物名称: JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN STATISTICAL ASSOCIATION
• ISSN/ISSBN: 0162-1459
• DOI: 10.1080/01621459.2019.1686391
• 发表日期: 2020
• 页码: 1574-1597
• 关键词: GENERALIZED LINEAR-MODELS; mild cognitive impairment; voxel-based morphometry; missing data mechanism; alzheimers-disease; functional data; cortical thickness; mean functionals; atrophy; brain

摘要

Medical imaging has become an increasingly important tool in screening, diagnosis, prognosis, and treatment of various diseases given its information visualization and quantitative assessment. The aim of this article is to develop a Bayesian scalar-on-image regression model to integrate high-dimensional imaging data and clinical data to predict cognitive, behavioral, or emotional outcomes, while allowing for nonignorable missing outcomes. Such a nonignorable nonresponse consideration is motivated by examining the association between baseline characteristics and cognitive abilities for 802 Alzheimer patients enrolled in the Alzheimer's Disease Neuroimaging Initiative 1 (ADNI1), for which data are partially missing. Ignoring such missing data may distort the accuracy of statistical inference and provoke misleading results. To address this issue, we propose an imaging exponential tilting model to delineate the data missing mechanism and incorporate an instrumental variable to facilitate model identifiability followed by a Bayesian framework with Markov chain Monte Carlo algorithms to conduct statistical inference. This approach is validated in simulation studies where both the finite sample performance and asymptotic properties are evaluated and compared with the model with fully observed data and that with a misspecified ignorable missing mechanism. Our proposed methods are finally carried out on the ADNI1 dataset, which turns out to capture both of those clinical risk factors and imaging regions consistent with the existing literature that exhibits clinical significance. for this article, including a standardized description of the materials available for reproducing the work, are available as an online supplement.