RANDOMIZATION INFERENCE FOR CLUSTER-RANDOMIZED TEST-NEGATIVE DESIGNS WITH APPLICATION TO DENGUE STUDIES: UNBIASED ESTIMATION, PARTIAL COMPLIANCE, AND STEPPED-WEDGE DESIGN

• 成果类型: Article
• 署名作者: Wang, Bingkai; Dufault, Suzanne M.; Small, Dylan S.; Jewell, Nicholas P.
• 署名单位: University of Pennsylvania; University of California System; University of California San Francisco; University of London; London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine
• 刊物名称: ANNALS OF APPLIED STATISTICS
• ISSN/ISSBN: 1932-6157
• DOI: 10.1214/22-AOAS1684
• 发表日期: 2023
• 页码: 1592-1614
• 关键词: wolbachia

摘要

In 2019, the World Health Organization identified dengue as one of the top 10 global health threats. For the control of dengue, the Applying Wolbachia to Eliminate Dengue (AWED) study group conducted a cluster -randomized trial in Yogyakarta, Indonesia, and used a novel design, called the cluster-randomized test-negative design (CR-TND). This design can yield valid statistical inference with data collected by a passive surveillance system and thus has the advantage of cost-efficiency compared to traditional cluster -randomized trials. We investigate the statistical assumptions and properties of CR-TND under a randomization inference framework, which is known to be robust for small-sample problems. We find that, when the differen-tial healthcare-seeking behavior comparing intervention and control varies across clusters (in contrast to the setting of Dufault and Jewell (Stat. Med. 39 (2020a) 1429-1439) where the differential healthcare-seeking behavior is constant across clusters), current analysis methods for CR-TND can be bi-ased and have inflated type I error. We propose the log-contrast estimator that can eliminate such bias and improve precision by adjusting for covariates. Furthermore, we extend our methods to handle partial intervention compli-ance and a stepped-wedge design, both of which appear frequently in cluster -randomized trials. Finally, we demonstrate our results by simulation studies and reanalysis of the AWED study.