Authoritarian Drift, Variegated Paths: Mapping Administrative Transformation Strategies Under Illiberal Rule

• 成果类型: Article; Early Access
• 署名作者: Bauer, Michael W.
• 署名单位: European University Institute
• 刊物名称: PUBLIC ADMINISTRATION REVIEW
• ISSN/ISSBN: 0033-3352
• DOI: 10.1111/puar.70028
• 发表日期: 2025
• 关键词: Democracy; populism; state

摘要

This article develops a typology of illiberal rule by identifying four distinct models of administrative transformation: neoauthoritarian, neopatrimonial, neoreactionary, and neoclientelist. Drawing on cases including Viktor Orb & aacute;n, Donald Trump, Javier Milei, and Andr & eacute;s Manuel L & oacute;pez Obrador, it argues that illiberal leaders reshape bureaucracies through diverse strategies of control, each rooted in specific conceptions of the state and particular modes of bureaucratic design. In light of the varying illiberal trajectories, the article concludes by proposing differentiated reform strategies tailored to the specific threats posed by each variant of illiberal rule, aiming to bolster bureaucratic resilience accordingly. The analysis calls for a reorientation of public administration theory-from a focus on compliance to a normative conception of civil servants as stewards of democratic order.