Vertical Integration and Foreclosure: Evidence from Production Network Data

• 成果类型: Article
• 署名作者: Boehm, Johannes; Sonntag, Jan
• 署名单位: Institut d'Etudes Politiques Paris (Sciences Po)
• 刊物名称: MANAGEMENT SCIENCE
• ISSN/ISSBN: 0025-1909
• DOI: 10.1287/mnsc.2022.4363
• 发表日期: 2023
• 页码: 141-161
• 关键词: Mergers and acquisitions; market foreclosure; vertical integration; production networks

摘要

This paper studies the prevalence of potential anticompetitive effects of vertical mergers using a novel data set on U.S. and international buyer-seller relationships and across a large range of industries. We find that relationships are more likely to break when suppliers vertically integrate with one of the buyers??? competitors than when they vertically integrate with an unrelated firm. This relationship holds for both domestic and crossborder mergers and for domestic and international relationships. It also holds when instrumenting mergers using exogenous downward pressure on the supplier???s stock prices, suggesting that reverse causality is unlikely to explain the result. In contrast, the relationship vanishes when using rumored or announced but not completed integration events. Firms experience a substantial drop in sales when one of their suppliers integrates with one of their competitors. This sales drop is mitigated if the firm has alternative suppliers in place. These findings are consistent with anticompetitive effects of vertical mergers, such as vertical foreclosure, rising input costs for rivals, or self-foreclosure.