Being different yet feeling similar: The influence of demographic composition and organizational culture on work processes and outcomes

• 成果类型: Article
• 署名作者: Chatman, JA; Polzer, JT; Barsade, SG; Neale, MA
• 署名单位: University of California System; University of California Berkeley; University of Texas System; University of Texas Austin; Yale University; Stanford University
• 刊物名称: ADMINISTRATIVE SCIENCE QUARTERLY
• ISSN/ISSBN: 0001-8392
• DOI: 10.2307/2393615
• 发表日期: 1998
• 页码: 749-780
• 关键词: relational demography; decision-making; performance; COOPERATION; INNOVATION; cognition; diversity; teams; task; self

摘要

Drawing from self-categorization theory, we tested hypotheses on the effects of an organization's demographic composition and cultural emphasis on work processes and outcomes. Using an organizational simulation, we found that the extent to which an organization emphasized individualistic or collectivistic values interacted with demographic composition to influence social interaction, conflict, productivity, and perceptions of creativity among 258 MBA students. Our findings suggest that the purported benefits of demographic diversity are more likely to emerge in organizations that, through their culture, make organizational membership salient and encourage people to categorize one another as having the organization's interests in common, rather than those that emphasize individualism and distinctiveness among members.(.)