Personal initiative at work: Differences between East and West Germany

• 成果类型: Article
• 署名作者: Frese, M; Kring, W; Soose, A; Zempel, J
• 署名单位: Justus Liebig University Giessen; Tulane University
• 刊物名称: ACADEMY OF MANAGEMENT JOURNAL
• ISSN/ISSBN: 0001-4273
• DOI: 10.5465/256630
• 发表日期: 1996
• 页码: 37-63
• 关键词: organizational citizenship behavior; orientation; PSYCHOLOGY; styles

摘要

Personal initiative, a concept akin to entrepreneurship and organizational spontaneity, was compared in East and West Germany, Differences were hypothesized to be the results of occupational socialization, particularly of work control and complexity, rather than of a selection effect. A representative longitudinal study was conducted in the East and a cross-sectional study in the West. Lower initiative at work was found in the East; control and complexity affected changes in initiative, The results speak for socialization and against selection.