THE PSYCHOLOGY OF RIVALRY: A RELATIONALLY DEPENDENT ANALYSIS OF COMPETITION

• 成果类型: Article
• 署名作者: Kilduff, Gavin J.; Elfenbein, Hillary Anger; Staw, Barry M.
• 署名单位: New York University; Washington University (WUSTL); University of California System; University of California Berkeley
• 刊物名称: ACADEMY OF MANAGEMENT JOURNAL
• ISSN/ISSBN: 0001-4273
• DOI: 10.5465/AMJ.2010.54533171
• 发表日期: 2010
• 页码: 943-969
• 关键词: In-group bias; INTERGROUP COMPETITION; COUNTERFACTUAL THINKING; ACHIEVEMENT ORIENTATION; TASK MOTIVATION; COOPERATION; performance; INTRAGROUP; industry; categorization

摘要

We investigate the psychological phenomenon of rivalry and propose that competition is inherently relational, thus extending the literatures on competition between individuals, groups, and firms. Specifically, we argue that competitors' relationships, determined by their proximity, attributes, and prior competitive interactions, influence the subjective intensity of rivalry between them, which in turn affects their competitive behavior. Initial tests in NCAA basketball support these ideas, indicating that teams' similarity and interaction histories systematically predict rivalry, and that rivalry may affect team members' motivation and performance. Implications for the management of employees, as well as for organizations' competitive strategies, are significant.