Addiction and cue-triggered decision processes

• 成果类型: Article
• 署名作者: Bernheim, BD; Rangel, A
• 署名单位: Stanford University; National Bureau of Economic Research
• 刊物名称: AMERICAN ECONOMIC REVIEW
• ISSN/ISSBN: 0002-8282
• DOI: 10.1257/0002828043052222
• 发表日期: 2004
• 页码: 1558-1590
• 关键词: COCAINE-SEEKING; follow-up; DRUG-ADDICTION; neural basis; reward; dopamine; relapse; amphetamine; heroin; neurobiology

摘要

We propose a model of addiction based on three premises: (i) use among addicts is frequently a mistake; (ii) experience sensitizes an individual to environmental cues that trigger mistaken usage; (iii) addicts understand and manage their susceptibilities. We argue that these premises find support in evidence from psychology, neuroscience, and clinical practice. The model is tractable and generates a plausible mapping between behavior and the characteristics of the user, substance, and environment. It accounts for a number of important patterns associated with addiction, gives rise to a clear welfare standard, and has novel implications for policy.