The Demand for, and Impact of, Learning HIV Status

• 成果类型: Article
• 署名作者: Thornton, Rebecca L.
• 署名单位: University of Michigan System; University of Michigan
• 刊物名称: AMERICAN ECONOMIC REVIEW
• ISSN/ISSBN: 0002-8282
• DOI: 10.1257/aer.98.5.1829
• 发表日期: 2008
• 页码: 1829-1863
• 关键词: DUMMY ENDOGENOUS VARIABLES; cost-effectiveness; sexual-behavior; voluntary; prevention; infection; models; identification; Heterogeneity; intervention

摘要

This paper evaluates an experiment in which individuals in rural Malawi were randomly assigned monetary incentives to learn their HIV results after being tested. Distance to the HIV results centers was also randomly assigned. Without any incentive, 34 percent of the participants learned their HIV results. However, even the smallest incentive doubled that share. Using the randomly assigned incentives and distance front results centers as instruments for the knowledge of HIV status, sexually active HIV-positive individuals who learned their results are three times more likely to purchase condoms two months later than sexually active HIV-positive individuals who did not learn their results: however, HIV-Positive individuals who learned their results purchase only two additional condoms than those who did not. There is no significant effect of learning HIV-negative status on the purchase of condoms.