Are There Environmental Benefits from Driving Electric Vehicles? The Importance of Local Factors

• 成果类型: Article
• 署名作者: Holland, Stephen P.; Mansur, Erin T.; Muller, Nicholas Z.; Yates, Andrew J.
• 署名单位: University of North Carolina; University of North Carolina Greensboro; National Bureau of Economic Research; Dartmouth College; Middlebury College; University of North Carolina; University of North Carolina Chapel Hill; University of North Carolina School of Medicine; University of North Carolina; University of North Carolina Chapel Hill; University of North Carolina School of Medicine
• 刊物名称: AMERICAN ECONOMIC REVIEW
• ISSN/ISSBN: 0002-8282
• DOI: 10.1257/aer.20150897
• 发表日期: 2016
• 页码: 3700-3729
• 关键词: UNITED-STATES; optimal taxation; air-pollution; emissions; variability; mortality; DAMAGES; impacts; ozone; externalities

摘要

We combine a theoretical discrete-choice model of vehicle purchases, an econometric analysis of electricity emissions, and the AP2 air pollution model to estimate the geographic variation in the environmental benefits from driving electric vehicles. The second-best electric vehicle purchase subsidy ranges from $2,785 in California to -$4,964 in North. Dakota, with, a mean of -$1,095. Ninety percent of local environmental externalities from driving electric vehicles in one state are exported to others, implying they may be subsidized locally, even when the environmental benefits are negative overall. Geographically differentiated subsidies can reduce deadweight loss, but only modestly.