Misallocation under Trade Liberalizations

• 成果类型: Article
• 署名作者: Bai, Yan; Jin, Keyu; Lu, Dan
• 署名单位: University of Rochester; University of London; London School Economics & Political Science; Chinese University of Hong Kong
• 刊物名称: AMERICAN ECONOMIC REVIEW
• ISSN/ISSBN: 0002-8282
• DOI: 10.1257/aer.20200596
• 发表日期: 2024
• 页码: 1949-1985
• 关键词: INTERNATIONAL-TRADE; PRODUCTIVITY; GROWTH; POLICY; distortions; INVESTMENT; diffusion; models; CHINA; price

摘要

This paper formalizes a classic idea that in second-best environments trade can induce welfare losses: incremental income losses from distortions can outweigh trade gains. In a Melitz model with distortionary taxes , we derive sufficient statistics for welfare gains / losses and show departures from the efficient case ( Arkolakis, Costinot, and Rodriguez-Clare 2012 ) can be captured by the gap between an input and output share and domestic extensive margin elasticities. The loss reflects an endogenous selection of more subsidized firms into exporting. Using Chinese manufacturing data in 2005 and model-inferred firm-level distortions , we demonstrate that a sizable negative fiscal externality can potentially offset conventional gains. ( JEL D22, F14, H25, L60, O19, P31, P33 )