Does entry regulation hinder job creation? Evidence from the French retail industry

• 成果类型: Article
• 署名作者: Bertrand, M; Kramarz, F
• 署名单位: National Bureau of Economic Research; University of Chicago; Centre for Economic Policy Research - UK; Institut Polytechnique de Paris; ENSAE Paris
• 刊物名称: QUARTERLY JOURNAL OF ECONOMICS
• ISSN/ISSBN: 0033-5533
• DOI: 10.1162/003355302320935052
• 发表日期: 2002
• 页码: 1369-1413
• 关键词: wage inequality; deregulation; unemployment; EMPLOYMENT; IMPACT

摘要

Are product market and entry regulation key sources of low employment growth in many European countries? We investigate this question in the context of the French retail trade industry. Since 1974, approval by regional zoning boards has been required for the creation or extension of any large retain store in France. We exploit a unique database that provides time- and region-specific variation in boards' approval decisions. We show that stronger deterrence of entry by the boards increased retailer concentration and slowed down employment growth in France.