Offshoring in a knowledge economy

• 成果类型: Article
• 署名作者: Antràs, P; Garicano, L; Rossi-Hansberg, E
• 署名单位: Harvard University; University of Chicago; Princeton University
• 刊物名称: QUARTERLY JOURNAL OF ECONOMICS
• ISSN/ISSBN: 0033-5533
• 发表日期: 2006
• 页码: 31-77
• 关键词: INTERNATIONAL-TRADE; ORGANIZATION; INEQUALITY; hierarchies; CONTRACTS; wages; firm

摘要

How does the formation of cross-country teams affect the organization of work and the structure of wages? To study this question, we propose a theory of the assignment of heterogeneous agents into hierarchical teams, where less skilled agents specialize in production and more skilled agents specialize in problem solving. We first analyze the properties of the competitive equilibrium of the model in a closed economy, and show that the model has a unique and efficient solution. We then study the equilibrium of a two-country model (North and South), where countries differ in their distributions of ability, and in which agents in different countries can join together in teams. We refer to this type of integration as globalization. Globalization leads to better matches for all southern workers but only for the best northern workers. As a result, we show that globalization increases wage inequality among nonmanagers in the South, but not necessarily in the North. We also study how globalization affects the size distribution of firms and the patterns of consumption and trade in the global economy.