Firm-Embedded Productivity and Cross-Country Income Differences

• 成果类型: Article
• 署名作者: Alviarez, Vanessa; Cravino, Javier; Ramondo, Natalia
• 署名单位: Inter-American Development Bank; University of Michigan System; University of Michigan; Boston University; National Bureau of Economic Research
• 刊物名称: JOURNAL OF POLITICAL ECONOMY
• ISSN/ISSBN: 0022-3808
• DOI: 10.1086/724314
• 发表日期: 2023
• 页码: 2289-2327
• 关键词: Multinational production; TECHNOLOGY; TRADE; misallocation; INNOVATION; GROWTH; models

摘要

We measure the contribution of firm-embedded productivity to cross-country income differences. By firm-embedded productivity we refer to firm-specific components of productivity, such as blueprints, management practices, and other intangible capital. Using micro-level data for multinational enterprises (MNEs), we compare market shares of the same MNE in different countries and document that they are systematically larger in less developed countries. This indicates that MNEs face less competition and that firm-embedded productivity is scarce in these countries. We implement a measure of firm-embedded productivity based on this observation. Differences in firm-embedded productivity account for one-third of the cross-country variance in output per worker in our sample.