IMPLICIT STEREOTYPES: EVIDENCE FROM TEACHERS' GENDER BIAS

• 成果类型: Article
• 署名作者: Carlana, Michela
• 署名单位: Harvard University
• 刊物名称: QUARTERLY JOURNAL OF ECONOMICS
• ISSN/ISSBN: 0033-5533
• DOI: 10.1093/qje/qjz008
• 发表日期: 2019
• 页码: 1163-1224
• 关键词: ASSOCIATION TEST; financial incentives; self-concept; mathematics; threat; DISCRIMINATION; performance; students; IMPACT; gap

摘要

I study whether exposure to teacher stereotypes, as measured by the Gender-Science Implicit Association Test, affects student achievement. I provide evidence that the gender gap in math performance, defined as the score of boys minus the score of girls in standardized tests, substantially increases when students are assigned to math teachers with stronger gender stereotypes. Teacher stereotypes induce girls to underperform in math and self-select into less demanding high schools, following the track recommendation of their teachers. These effects are at least partially driven by lower self-confidence on math ability of girls exposed to gender-biased teachers. Stereotypes impair the test performance of girls, who end up failing to achieve their full potential. I do not detect statistically significant effects on student outcomes of literature teacher stereotypes.