NATION-BUILDING AND EDUCATION

• 成果类型: Article
• 署名作者: Alesina, Alberto; Giuliano, Paola; Reich, Bryony
• 署名单位: Harvard University; Bocconi University; University of California System; University of California Los Angeles; Northwestern University
• 刊物名称: ECONOMIC JOURNAL
• ISSN/ISSBN: 0013-0133
• DOI: 10.1093/ej/ueab001
• 发表日期: 2021
• 页码: 2273-2303
• 关键词: POLITICAL-ECONOMY; language policy; state capacity; DEMOCRACY; CONFLICT; democratization; INEQUALITY; revolution; franchise; origins

摘要

Democracies and dictatorships have different incentives when it comes to choosing how much and by what means to homogenise the population, i.e., 'to build a nation'. We study and compare nation-building policies under the transition from dictatorship to democracy in a model where the type of government and borders of the country are endogenous. We find that the threat of democratisation provides the strongest incentive to homogenise. We focus upon a specific nation-building policy: mass primary education. We offer historical discussions of nation-building across time and space, and provide correlations for a large sample of countries over the 1925-2014 period.