Child Penalties in Politics

• 成果类型: Article
• 署名作者: Fiva, Jon H.; King, Max-Emil M.
• 署名单位: BI Norwegian Business School; BI Norwegian Business School
• 刊物名称: ECONOMIC JOURNAL
• ISSN/ISSBN: 0013-0133
• DOI: 10.1093/ej/uead084
• 发表日期: 2024
• 页码: 648-670
• 关键词: gender quotas; womens underrepresentation; gap; motherhood; parenthood; office; candidates; ELECTIONS; seniority; earnings

摘要

Women tend to experience a substantial decline in their labour income after their first child is born, while men do not. Do such 'child penalties' also exist in the political arena? Using comprehensive administrative data from Norway, we find that women are less likely than men to secure elected office after their first child is born. The effects already manifest from the nomination stage, where mothers receive less favourable rankings on party lists relative to comparable fathers. This paper broadens our understanding of a fundamental social issue in political representation and demonstrates how motherhood even affects positively selected women.