Climate Change Mitigation Policies: Aggregate and Distributional Effects

• 成果类型: Article
• 署名作者: Calvacanti, Tiago; Hasna, Zeina; Santos, Cezar
• 署名单位: University of Cambridge; Centre for Economic Policy Research - UK; Getulio Vargas Foundation; International Monetary Fund; University of Cambridge; Inter-American Development Bank; Centre for Economic Policy Research - UK
• 刊物名称: ECONOMIC JOURNAL
• ISSN/ISSBN: 0013-0133
• DOI: 10.1093/ej/ueae113
• 发表日期: 2025
• 页码: 1341-1387
• 关键词: Carbon tax; substitution; impacts

摘要

We evaluate the aggregate and distributional effects of climate change mitigation policies using a multi-sector equilibrium model with intersectoral input-output linkages and worker heterogeneity, calibrated to various countries. Carbon taxes induce changes in relative prices and input reallocation, notably in labour. In the United States, achieving its Paris Agreement commitment results in, at most, a 0.8% reduction in output, unevenly affecting different sectors and individuals. Some workers in dirty energy sectors, forming less than 2% of the labour force, endure welfare losses six times larger than others. China, reliant on high-carbon energy, experiences larger economic effects from an identical emission reduction.