Youth dependency and total factor productivity

• 成果类型: Article
• 署名作者: Kögel, T
• 署名单位: Loughborough University
• 刊物名称: JOURNAL OF DEVELOPMENT ECONOMICS
• ISSN/ISSBN: 0304-3878
• DOI: 10.1016/j.jdeveco.2003.11.003
• 发表日期: 2005
• 页码: 147-173
• 关键词: economic growth; fertility; age structure effects; total factor productivity

摘要

Recent literature shows empirical support for an effect of demographic age structure on economic growth. This literature does not give allention to the possibility that age structure might also have an effect on total factor productivity. Much of the recent literature on economic growth has stressed that an understanding of cross-country differences in output per worker is needed. That literature argues that the most important determinant of international differences in output per worker is differences in total factor productivity. This paper finds empirical evidence in cross-country data for the thesis that the youth dependency ratio (the population below working age divided by the population of working age) reduces 'residual' growth, which measures total factor productivity growth. For this reason, the paper demonstrates that age structure has an effect on the most important determinant of international differences in output per worker. (C) 2004 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.