Unmasking the pollution haven effect

• 成果类型: Article
• 署名作者: Levinson, Arik; Taylor, M. Scott
• 署名单位: Georgetown University; University of Calgary
• 刊物名称: INTERNATIONAL ECONOMIC REVIEW
• ISSN/ISSBN: 0020-6598
• DOI: 10.1111/j.1468-2354.2008.00478.x
• 发表日期: 2008
• 页码: 223-254
• 关键词: environmental-regulations; TRADE; competitiveness; GROWTH

摘要

We use theory and empirics to examine the effect of environmental regulations on trade flows. A simple model demonstrates how unobserved heterogeneity, endogeneity, and aggregation issues bias standard measurements of this relationship. A reduced-form estimate of the model, using data on U.S. regulations and trade with Canada and Mexico for 130 manufacturing industries from 1977 to 1986, indicates that industries whose abatement costs increased most experienced the largest increases in net imports. For the average industry, the change in net imports we ascribe to regulatory costs amounting to 10% of the total increase in trade volume over the period.