How you export matters: Export mode, learning and productivity in China

• 成果类型: Article
• 署名作者: Bai, Xue; Krishna, Kala; Ma, Hong
• 署名单位: Brock University; Pennsylvania Commonwealth System of Higher Education (PCSHE); Pennsylvania State University; Pennsylvania State University - University Park; New York University; National Bureau of Economic Research; Tsinghua University
• 刊物名称: JOURNAL OF INTERNATIONAL ECONOMICS
• ISSN/ISSBN: 0022-1996
• DOI: 10.1016/j.jinteco.2016.10.009
• 发表日期: 2017
• 页码: 122-137
• 关键词: Export modes; Productivity evolution; Learning-by-exporting; dynamic discrete choice

摘要

This paper shows that how firms export (directly or indirectly via intermediaries) matters. We develop and estimate a dynamic discrete choice model that allows learning-by-exporting on the cost and demand side as well as sunk/fixed costs to differ by export mode. We find that demand and productivity evolve more favorably under direct exporting, though the fixed sunk costs of this option are higher. Our results suggest that had China not liberalized its direct trading rights when it joined the WTO, its exports and export participation would have been 26 and 33% lower respectively. (C) 2016 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.