US job flows and the China shock

• 成果类型: Article
• 署名作者: Asquith, Brian; Goswami, Sanjana; Neumark, David; Rodriguez-Lopez, Antonio
• 署名单位: W.E. Upjohn Institute for Employment Research; University of California System; University of California Irvine; National Bureau of Economic Research; IZA Institute Labor Economics; Leibniz Association; Ifo Institut; Universidad Autonoma de Baja California
• 刊物名称: JOURNAL OF INTERNATIONAL ECONOMICS
• ISSN/ISSBN: 0022-1996
• DOI: 10.1016/j.jinteco.2019.02.002
• 发表日期: 2019
• 页码: 123-137
• 关键词: China shock; Import penetration; PNTR status; Job flows; local labor markets

摘要

International trade exposure affects job flows along the intensive margin (from expansions and contractions of firms' employment) as well as along the extensive margin (from births and deaths of firms). This paper uses 1992-2011 employment data from U.S. establishments to construct job flows at both the industry and commuting-zone levels, and then estimates the impact of the 'China shock' on each job-flow type. Using the two most influential measures of Chinese exposure, we find that the China shock affects U.S. employment mainly through deaths of establishments. At the commuting-zone level, we find evidence of large job reallocation from the Chinese-competition exposed sector to the nonexposed sector. Moreover, we demonstrate that the job-flow effects of the China shock are fundamentally different from those of a more general adverse shock affecting the U.S. demand for domestic labor. (C) 2019 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.