The effects of the Great Migration on urban renewal

• 成果类型: Article
• 署名作者: Shi, Ying; Hartley, Daniel; Mazumder, Bhash; Rajan, Aastha
• 署名单位: Syracuse University; Federal Reserve System - USA; Federal Reserve Bank - Chicago; Northwestern University
• 刊物名称: JOURNAL OF PUBLIC ECONOMICS
• ISSN/ISSBN: 0047-2727
• DOI: 10.1016/j.jpubeco.2022.104647
• 发表日期: 2022
• 关键词: great migration; Urban renewal

摘要

The Great Migration significantly increased the number of African American people moving to northern and western cities beginning in the first half of the twentieth century. We show that their arrival shaped slum clearance and urban redevelopment efforts in receiving cities. To estimate the effect of migrants, we instrument for Black population changes using a shift-share instrument that interacts historical migration patterns with local economic shocks that predict Black out-migration from the South. We find that local governments responded by undertaking more urban renewal projects that aimed to redevelop and rehabilitate blighted areas. More Black migrants also led to an increase in family displacement. This underscores the contribution of spatial policies such as urban renewal towards understanding the longterm consequences of the Great Migration on central cities, and Black neighborhoods and individuals. (c) 2022 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.