Mandated Sick Pay: Coverage, Utilization, and Crowding-in

• 成果类型: Article
• 署名作者: Maclean, Johanna Catherine; Pichler, Stefan; Ziebarth, Nicolas R.
• 署名单位: George Mason University; University of Groningen; Leibniz Association; Zentrum fur Europaische Wirtschaftsforschung (ZEW); University of Mannheim
• 刊物名称: JOURNAL OF THE EUROPEAN ECONOMIC ASSOCIATION
• ISSN/ISSBN: 1542-4766
• DOI: 10.1093/jeea/jvaf008
• 发表日期: 2025
• 页码: 1868-1907
• 关键词: Parental leave; disability insurance; economic incentives; moral hazard; absenteeism; MARKET; presenteeism; generosity; PROTECTION; policies

摘要

Using the National Compensation Survey from 2009 to 2022 and difference-in-differences methods, we find that state-level sick pay mandates are effective in broadening access to paid sick leave for U.S. workers. Increases in sick pay coverage reach 30 percentage points from a 63% baseline 5 years post-mandate. Mandates have more bite in jobs with low pre-mandate coverage. Further, mandates reduce inequality in access to paid sick leave substantially, both across and within firms. COVID-19 reinforced existing upward trends in coverage and take-up. Five years post mandate, sick leave use has linearly increased to 2.4 days per year for marginal jobs. Finally, we find crowding-in of non-mandated benefits, which we label job upscaling by firms to differentiate jobs and attract labor.