Urban Transport Expansions and Changes in the Spatial Structure of US Cities: Implications for Productivity and Welfare

• 成果类型: Article
• 署名作者: Baum-Snow, Nathaniel
• 署名单位: University of Toronto
• 刊物名称: REVIEW OF ECONOMICS AND STATISTICS
• ISSN/ISSBN: 0034-6535
• DOI: 10.1162/rest_a_00855
• 发表日期: 2020-12
• 页码: 929-945
• 关键词: rents; TRADE; roads

摘要

Each new radial highway serving large U.S. metropolitan areas decentralized 14% to 16% of central city working residents and 4% to 6% of jobs in the 1960-2000 period. Model calibrations yield implied elasticities of central city total factor productivity to central city employment relative to suburban employment of 0.04 to 0.09, meaning a large fraction of agglomeration economies operates at submetropolitan-area spatial scales. Each additional highway causes central city income net of commuting costs to increase by up to 2.4% and housing cost to decline by up to 1.3%. Factor reallocation toward land in housing production generates the plurality of the population decentralization caused by new highways.