Global decarbonization potential of CO2 2 mineralization in concrete materials

• 成果类型: Article
• 署名作者: Driver, Justin G.; Bernard, Ellina; Patrizio, Piera; Fennell, Paul S.; Scrivener, Karen; Myers, Rupert J.
• 署名单位: Imperial College London; Imperial College London; Swiss Federal Institutes of Technology Domain; Swiss Federal Laboratories for Materials Science & Technology (EMPA); Imperial College London; Swiss Federal Institutes of Technology Domain; Ecole Polytechnique Federale de Lausanne
• 刊物名称: PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA
• ISSN/ISSBN: 0027-14660
• DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2313475121
• 发表日期: 2024-07-16
• 关键词: accelerated carbonation; waste

摘要

CO2 2 mineralization products are often heralded as having outstanding potentials to reduce CO2- eq. 2- eq. emissions. However, these claims are generally undermined by incomplete consideration of the life cycle climate change impacts, material properties, supply and demand constraints, and economic viability of CO2 2 mineralization products. We investigate these factors in detail for ten concrete-- related CO2 2 mineralization products to quantify their individual and global CO2- eq. 2- eq. emissions reduction potentials. Our results show that in 2020, 3.9 Gt of carbonatable solid materials were generated globally, with the dominant material being end- of- life cement paste in concrete and mortar (1.4 Gt y-1). -1 ). All ten of the CO2 2 mineralization technologies investigated here reduce life cycle CO2- eq. 2- eq. emissions when used to substitute comparable conventional products. In 2020, the global CO2- eq. 2- eq. emissions reduction potential of economically competitive CO2 2 mineralization technologies was 0.39 Gt CO2- eq., 2- eq., i.e., 15% of that from cement production. This level of CO2- eq. 2- eq. emissions reduction is limited by the supply of end- of- life cement paste. The results also show that it is 2 to 5 times cheaper to reduce CO2- eq. 2- eq. emissions by producing cement from carbonated end- of- life cement paste than carbon capture and storage (CCS), demonstrating its superior decarbonization potential. On the other hand, it is currently much more expensive to reduce CO2- eq. 2- eq. emissions using some CO2 2 mineralization technologies, like carbonated normal weight aggregate production, than CCS. Technologies and policies that increase recovery of end- of- life cement paste from aged infrastructure are key to unlocking the potential of CO2 2 mineralization in reducing the CO2- eq. 2- eq. footprint of concrete materials.